Hi @Winkle,
I was able to replicate the issue. A recent (Oct 2020) external blog post states that SAS Universal Viewer does "not support any other encodings that [sic] ASCII for XPT files[,]" which "was confirmed to [the blogger] by SAS Support" and that "there are currently no viewers at all that support non-ASCII encoding in SAS-XPT files."
So, extracting the dataset to a library with UTF-8 encoding seems to be the only workaround (as suggested in a 2013 post by our Chinese super user Ksharp; I've successfully tested it as well).
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