The solution Cynthia has provided is one of the right answers. Since one of the motivations for Designer is to avoid such coding, there is, "hidden" deep inside Designer, an early version of a GRAPH STYLE EDITOR.
In Designer, Click Tools->Style Editor. It will bring up the Graph Style Editor GUI. Starting with the current style (usually LISTING) as parent you can derive a new style. Once inside the Style Editor, you can change this initial parent style to another one.
Now, you can change the various color, marker, pattern, etc attributes for each of the style elements using the GUI. If you don't know the name of the element, click on the graphs on the right, and it will take you to the right one. Click the title, or background, or a bar, marker, etc. Make your changes, and save the style as a user custom style (give it a different name). You cannot overwrite a SAS supplied style.
Now, back in your graph, click Format->Style-> and select your new style. It may be in "More Styles" in the Custom Styles list.
It is called a "Graph Style Editor" because it only allows you to change the style elements that are applicable to the graph, not other things like tables, etc.
You can also export a generated style (File->Export Style) to a .sas file for use with your code. Note, for SAS 9.2M3, this contains the full definition, even if you have only made a few changes. This will be fixed in the next release.
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