@Bruce1 wrote:   I also do not see where "year" gets defined -- it just appears when needed to indicate the row number.  Since year is not defined, and since year does not = i, how does the outer do loop know to iterate down the rows?     sas   Year is obviously in the ctargets dataset. Any numeric variable (hopefully within range and integer) can be used to reference elements in the Array. That is why the Array definition had that {1997:1999, 12} to say there were three rows and the valid row indicators had values of 1997, 1998 and 1999. Which happen to be years in the data. ... View more