Thanks Duke, first I apologized for the very late reply as I was busy reading up those books that you recommended me as you noted in your last reply. Yes, I grape some important points out of it. Together with this reply, I have attached my project framework for your better understanding of my research. as we know in the process of data collection, we couldn't run away from missing data. Below is some of my research data and some proc which I am going to use to analyze my data. **************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** * LABEL L5, L9, L11, L13 ='IDEALIZED ATTRIBUTES' L2, L7, L12, L19 ='IDEALIZED BEHAVIOURS' L4, L6, L14, L20 ='INSPIRATIONAL MOTIVATION' L1, L3, L16, L18 ='INTERLECTUAL SIMULATION' L8, L10, L15, L17 ='INDIVIDUALIZED CONSIDERATIONS' OP24, OP25, OP33, OP34 ='RATUINAL GOAL' OP27, OP31, OP32, OP36 ='OPEN SYSTEM' OP21, OP23, OP26, OP29 ='INTERNAL PROCESS' OP22, OP28, OP30, OP35 ='HUMAN RESOURCE' JS37-JS56 ='JS' AC57-AC62 ='AC' OCB65, OCB80, OCB83, OCB84, OCB86 ='CONSCIENTIOUSNUESS' OCB64, OCB66, OCB69, OCB78, OCB81 ='SPORTMENSHIP' OCB68, OCB71, OCB73, OCB74 ='CIVIC VIRTUE' OCB67, OCB70 OCB76, OCB79, OCB82 ='CERTESY' OCB63, OCB72, OCB75, OCB77, OCB85 ='ATTRUISM'; DATA MDATA1; INPUT #1 @1 (COID) (3.) @5 (LEADER) (1.) @7 (NONLEADER) (1.) @9 (SEX) (1.) @11 (AGE) (2.) @14 (RACE) (1.) @16 (MARITAL) (1.) @18 (TENURE) (3.) @22 (TENUREJOB) (3.) @26 (MONTHLYS) (5.) @32 (EDULVL) (1.) @34 (POSITION) ($20.) @55 (L1-L20) (1.) #2 @1 (OP21-OP36) (1.) #3 @1 (JS37-JS56) (1.) @22 (AC57-AC62) (1.) @29 (OCB63-OCB86) (1.); CARDS; 614 1 0 2 37 1 1 36 003 4 Advertising Sale 44534454444433544444 5656565555454556 614 0 1 2 37 1 1 36 003 4 Advertising Sale 44535454345545444434 55545444543435354443 434435 434544544545454543543 43 614 0 1 1 2 1 4 Advertising 42442442344533443444 33433344434332443355 323234 415253142414443244241434 614 0 1 2 49 2 3 341 257 11000 2 Advertising 32343443443343232433 43443344535324443445 342225 315154155544444144154544 614 0 1 2 55 1 3 372 060 10000 4 Advertising 43443543423334333444 45434444444453444435 544124 324234132414414235232544 614 0 1 2 35 1 3 014 014 9000 4 Advertising 45444543444454444445 44544445544444444545 342214 425145143424554245154544 614 0 1 2 49 1 3 288 064 4 Advertising 43343443433444344444 44443444444334444334 442234 324224244444454345233444 614 0 1 1 54 3 3 432 012 3 Advertising 44443544444444343444 43334433343333333333 552225 425344344434443155223433 614 0 1 1 47 1 3 292 081 4 Advertising 23232232432422321233 44432343334333444334 332224 42524414 424444135245444 272 1 0 2 36 2 3 60 60 5 Audit 53541444433342443333 6534555556546564 272 0 1 1 31 2 1 25 25 4150 4 Accounts 44445543344444444443 44444444344444444344 431114 424244144344444444134444 272 0 1 2 48 2 3 272 53 7150 4 Estate 44445544444444444444 44444444444444444444 441114 415244144445354334144444 272 0 1 1 46 2 3 252 120 6180 4 Accounts Secretery 53543433534443444454 53444454444444444335 443224 43523414443443424534 133 793 1 0 793 0 1 2 27 2 1 7 7 2000 4 Corporate Planning 34443444434444444444 24444444444223444554 442224 434354345454313253245553 793 0 1 1 2 3 61 61 6000 4 Complience & Ledal 54444444444455544555 55555545555555555555 531115 414354141423444243343444 793 0 1 1 33 3 1 17 17 4 Finance 11123534114323222223 23222333332332333442 223333 134243453333313341233313 793 0 1 1 43 2 3 51 3500 3 33444444323333333333 33233333433332343333 342224 334143151344444333243433 793 0 1 1 34 2 3 108 72 4 Finance 53433444444544444444 34434443344443344444 442223 414144143434444243243333 (until it ended with (;) on the following line DATA MDATA; SET MDATA1 MDATA2; PROC PRINT Data=mdata (obs=10); RUN; *Creating New Data Set for Analysis; DATA MDATA_NEW; SET MDATA; *Recoding reversed Variables; AC59 = 6 - AC59; AC60 = 6 - AC60; AC61 = 6 - AC61; AC = (AC57 + AC58 + AC59 + AC60 + AC61 + AC62) / 6; OCB64 = 6 - OCB64; OCB66 = 6 - OCB66; OCB69 = 6 - OCB69; OCB78 = 6 - OCB78; OCB81 = 6 - OCB81; S = (OCB64 + OCB66 + OCB69 + OCB78 + OCB81) / 5; *DATA MANIPULATION; IA = (L5 + L9 + L11 + L13) / 4; IB = (L2 + L7 + L12 + L19) / 4; IM = (L4 + L6 + L14 + L20) / 4; IS = (L1 + L3 + L16 + L18) / 4; IC = (L8 + L10 + L15 + L17) / 4; TFL = (IA + IB + IM + IS + IC) / 5; RG = (OP24 + OP25 + OP33 + OP34) / 4; OS = (OP27 + OP31 + OP32 + OP36) / 4; IP = (OP21 + OP23 + OP26 + OP29) / 4; HR = (OP22 + OP28 + OP30 + OP35) / 4; OP = (RG + OS + IP + HR) / 4; JS = (JS37 + JS38 + JS39 + JS40 + JS41 + JS42 + JS43 + JS44 + JS45 + JS46 + JS47 + JS48 + JS49 + JS50 + JS51 + JS52 + JS53 + JS54 + JS55 + JS56) / 20; CONS = (OCB65 + OCB80 + OCB83 + OCB84 + OCB86) / 5; CV = (OCB68 + OCB71 + OCB73 + OCB74) / 4; C = (OCB67 + OCB70 + OCB76 + OCB79 + OCB82) / 5; ATT = (OCB63 + OCB72 + OCB75 + OCB77 + OCB85) / 5; OCB = (CONS + S + CV + C + ATT) / 5; *Create Value Label for the Demographic Section; PROC FORMAT; VALUE Sex 1 = "Female" 2 = "Male"; VALUE Race 1 = "Chinese" 2 = "Malay" 3 = "Indian" 4 = "Others"; VALUE Marital 1 = "Single" 2 = "Married" 3 = "Others"; VALUE Edulvl 1 = "Primary" 2 = "Secondary" 3 = "Diploma" 4 = "Degree" 5 = "Master's" 6 = "Doctorate"; RUN; OPTION NOCENTER NODATE NONUMBER NOLABEL; DATA mdata_new2a; SET mdata_new; IF LEADER=1; DATA mdata_new2b; SET mdata_new; IF NONLEADER=1; /*****Descriptive Statistics for Level-2 Variables*****/ PROC MEAN DATA=mdata_new2a MEAN STD; VAR TFL OP; RUN; /*****Descriptive Statistics for Level-1 Variables*****/ PROC MEAN DATA=mdata_new2b NEAB STD; VAR TFL JS AC OCB; RUN; /*****MODEL 1*****/ TITLE "Unconditional Mean Model"; PROC MIXED DATA=mdata_new METHOD=ML COVTEST Noclprint; CLASS coid; MODEL OP = / Solution; RANDOM intercept / TYPE=UN Subject=coid; RUN; /*****MODEL 2*****/ Title "MODEL 2A: Including Effects of Transformational Leadership (LEVEL-2) Predictors"; PROC MIXED DATA=mdata_new2a METHOD=ML COVTEST Noclprint; CLASS coid; MODEL op = tfl / Solution DDFM = bw; RANDOM Intercept / TYPE=UN SUBJECT=coid; REPEATED / TYPE=VC SUBJECT=coid; RUN; /*comparing the degrees of freedom with and w/o option ddfm = bw*/ PROC MIXED DATA=mdata_new2a METHOD=ML COVTEST Noclprint; CLASS coid; MODEL op = tfl / solution ; RANDOM intercept / TYPE = UN subject = coid; REPEATED / TYPE=VC SUBJECT=coid; run; Title "MODEL 2b: Including Effects of Transformational Leadership (LEVEL-1) Predictors"; PROC MIXED DATA=mdata_new2b METHOD=ML COVTEST Noclprint noitprint; CLASS coid; MODEL op = tfl / Solution DDFM=bw Notest; RANDOM Intercept tfl / SUBJECT=coid TYPE=UN; REPEATED / TYPE=UN SUBJECT=coid; RUN; /*****MODEL 3*****/ Title "Model 3: Including Both Level-1 and Level-2 Predictors"; Title2 "--Predicting op from leader, momleader, tfl and"; Title3 "cross level interaction of nonleader and tfl"; PROC MIXED DATA=mdata_new noclprint covtest noitprint; CLASS coid; MODEL op = leader nonleader tfl leader*tfl nonleader*tfl / Solution DDFM=bw Notest; RANDOM Intercept tfl / Subject=coid TYPE=UN; RUN; ********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************** if you notice, I had made it bold in some of the parts in the proc step and one of the datalines. The one which I bold in the dataline is a missing case. Meanwhile the proc step which I bold produce an error while I submit for process. would you mind help me to check out what It had been wrong and how can I include the level-1 data to be in the equation when I make a relationship with the outcome variable which is in Level-2 Another problem which I am having right now is how to conduct a diagnostics test on multilevel data with SAS MACRO_DX? do you know how to fit in the data into the macro to run the diagnostics test for multilevel modeling data? Thank you very much.
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