You should review the requirements that SAS has to have to allow Oracle to do the work,if possible. For example, if schema1 and schema2 are on the same oracle instance and are accessed with the same userid, then sas will pass the query to oracle to execute as long as there are no sas functions that it can't translate into oracle syntax. Unfortunately, I believe that substr is one of those functions that while Oracle has an equivalent function, its use as criteria will cause SAS to bring data out of oracle prior to performing the join. If you use the pass-through, I believe oracle has some implicit conversion rules that would allow the comparison int_id=substr(string_id,1,5).
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