A .sas7bdat file (a dataset file) already contains the information which format is assigned to which variable.
So you only have to make sure that the formats are also present at the receiving end. Either send the proc format code that creates the formats, or a second dataset in CNTLIN format from which the formats can be created with a simple
proc format cntlin=cntlin;
run;
Include instructions on how the formats can be made permanent, if such is needed.
Documentation that comes with data is essential; see Maxim 16.
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