Sure @km0927   the DO OVER array is an implicit array and hence there is no need to explicitly specify an index variable like do i=1 to n;   Though implicit there is an index variable created in the PDV by the name _I_ , however this variable is not written to the output dataset. So every time the DO OVER loop executes, _I_ is incremented by a value of 1. In essence, what happens, when _I_ is 1 , the array reference is j(_I_) or k(_I_) for the reason both J and K are nonscalar items that points to an array that are collection of variables.   Since J and K array are grouped with same number of items like in your instance 3 elements, it is easy to reference and loop over one array J or K as _I_ increment can correspondingly be referred for elements in K or the other array.   Hope that helps.   PS Recommended reading IMPLICIT SAS DO OVER ARRAYS online                  y ... View more

Maybe this will be my last question. I'm really appreciate all your help.   According to your answers, I think the hash code follow this process.   if first.id then h.clear(); : In the first row of id, the 'definedata' get cleared. So, 'clinic', 'count', 'countsquare' value in hash object will be deleted.   if h.find() = 0 : I think when the hash code run first time, it read the first row of definekey. For example, "Brad" get injured and he went to clinic "A". So, in "Brad" medical utilization data, the first row of clinic is "A". Hash code import "A" in clinic data. After, hash code finds "A" in "have" dataset, and it returns 0.   then do; count = count + 1; countsquare = count ** 2; h.replace(); end; : If "Brad" visited clinic "A" continuously, "h.find" return 0 iteratively. So "count+1 and count**2" process run iteratively.   else do; count = 1; countsquare = 1; h.replace(); : This mean SAS finds the new value of definekey, 'clinic'. For example, Brad had visited the clinic "A", but he went new clinic "B". This situation means 'else'   (skipped)   do while (hi.next() = 0); if _clinic ne clinic then sum + countsquare; hi.next()=0 means, If Brad visited clinics like this, clinic : A -> A -> A -> B -> B -> B -> ... next : 0 -> 0 -> not zero -> 0 -> 0 -> 0 .... ... View more

Thanks, though I still haven't found why this situation occurred, this topic and all of your answers helped me a lot. ... View more

Thanks! I really appreciate your help. ... View more

@km0927 wrote: Hello. I'm trying to convert multiple character variables to numeric variables.   My data are as follows....   ID pre_stress_visit1  pre_stress_visit2 pre_stress_visit3 post_stress_visit1 post_stress_visit2 post_stress_visit3 pre_pain_visit1 A 12 10 9 10 8 7 53 ... B 13 13 6 11 11 4 57 ... C 13 12 8 10 13 7 55 ...   the pre_stress_visitnumber and post_stress_visitnumber are recognized as character. So, i want to convert them into numeric variables   Though I can convert each variables with input statement, like 'input(pre_stress_visit1, best32.)', it takes long time to do it. Is there a better way to convert them?   I would really appreciate all your help. thanks. PROC TRANSPOSE has features that make this easy and you can keep the variable labels.   data prepost; infile cards missover; input ID:$1. (pre_stress_visit1 pre_stress_visit2 pre_stress_visit3 post_stress_visit1 post_stress_visit2 post_stress_visit3 pre_pain_visit1)($); attrib _all_ label='Test label'; cards; A 12 10 9 10 8 7 53 ... B 13 13 6 11 11 4 57 ... C 13 12 8 10 13 7 55 ... ;;;; run; proc transpose data=prepost out=tall; by id; var p:; run; proc print; run; data tall; set tall; num1 = input(col1,f9.); run; proc transpose data=tall out=prepostnum(drop=_name_); by id; var num1; run; proc contents varnum; proc print; run; ... View more

I really appreciate to all your help.   I choose ErikLund_Jesson as solution, because 'proc sql' was a bit more familiar to me.   Thanks.       ... View more

thanks all. due to my submitting of master's graduation paper, i couldn't care less about this project.   i'm sorry for not accepting answer. due to my carelessness, maybe you all have wondered why answers were not accepted, though it was right.   thanks for all your help. ... View more

data have; input id date :yymmdd10. clinic ; format date yymmdd10.; cards; 1 20020408 12135 1 20020715 12135 1 20030124 15109 1 20030308 75423 1 20030505 75423 1 20030607 75423 1 20030815 12135 2 20020615 25875 2 20020717 25875 2 20020824 55415 2 20020907 25875 2 20021215 25875 2 20030108 25875 ; data want; if 0 then set have; array t(999) _temporary_; call missing(of t(*),type); do until(last.id); set have; by id ; if clinic not in t then do; type+1; t(type)=clinic; end; output; end; run; ... View more

thanks. maybe SAS doesn't support 'Harrell's c index concordance option' in time-dependent survival analysis.... ... View more

Are you saying you have an array program developed, but that the program is generating an error message?  If so, please show us the actual log, not a paraphrase of the log note.  Also show the part of the log that includes not only the error message, but the program statements that generated the message.   ... View more

thank you for all your help!    thanks to your help, i can complete my work safely. ... View more

I'm not sure why you marked my comment as a solution for this topic.  However, if you show even your code for reading in the original variables, without attempting the cumulative sum-of-squares, then you can have a start at getting help.   The variable to be "retained" is the cumulative sum of squares, which you (1) want to update with every incoming observation, and (2) you want to reset every time you begin a new id. ... View more