The data is basically a list of testing results from thousands of users. Each user can take the test multiple times. The first part of my analysis is to generate the number of people that failed on their first attempt (pretty straightforward...I created a counter variable to enumerate each try and used a data step to limit observations to users who tried at least twice...from there I identified any first time failers where count=1 and pass=0). The other part of the analysis is to generate the number of people (from the original group of people that failed on their first attempt) that eventually passed after failing the first time. I am having trouble with the code when it comes to sub-setting just the observations that failed on their first try in order to find out how many eventually passed. My idea is to remove all observations that passed on the first try and all subsequent attempts after the first try (assuming they passed on the first try). Once I have removed those observations, the idea is to enumerate the total number of passes (in the subset of people that failed on their first try) through more if statements and de-duplicating any multiple passes (from multiple attempts from a single user) in a sort statement to find the unique number of passes. Once I have the unique number of passes (from the group that failed on their first attempt), I think I can subtract that from the number of people that failed on their first attempt in order to find the number of people that never passed. Example data set ("have"): Email    Tries    Score   Pass     Count     1         4         78        0            1     1         4         100      1            2     1         4         56        0            3     1         4         100      1            4     2         2          67       0            1     2         2          89       1            2     3         2          78       0            1     3         2          89       1            2     4         4          80       1            1     4         4          78       0            2     4         4          81       1            3     4         4          79       0            4 Code that I attempted: *creating a counter variable that enumerates each attempt; proc sort data=have; by email; run; data have1; set have; count +1; by email; if first.email then count=1; keep tries pass email count score; run; data want; set have1; where tries ge 2; *selecting all students who tried at least twice; if count=1 and pass=0 then firstfail=1; *creating a new variable for anyone that failed on the first try; else firstfail=0; if count=1 and pass=1 then delete; *removing observations that passed on the first try; *I know this part is wrong because I need to remove all subsequent observations following the observation that had a pass on the first try; if 2=<count<=40 and pass=1 then passlater=1; *Again, I know this is bad code because this potentially still includes observations that passed on the first try...I would like to understand how to remove all of the associated counts (i.e. count 2,3,4,....) after the first observation (count=1) that I deleted; else passlater=0; run; proc freq data=want; *this proc will provide the denominator for everyone that failed on their first attempt; tables firstfail/list; run; data want1; set want; where passlater=1; run; proc sort data=passlater nodupkey; by studentemail; run; proc freq data=passlater; tables passlater/list; run; Thanks for the assistance! ... View more