I am working in:   Course = AI and Machine Learning Professional Module= Machine Learning Specialist   For this course and module, students are supposed to use Virtual Lab 1.  When I go to my course page, Virtual Lab 1 is not available.  Have I burned up all of my time on Virtual Lab 1 or is the system down?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson ... View more

I have a question that falls within the following area:   Course = AI and Machine Learning Professional Module= Machine Learning Specialist Lession = Lesson 5 Support Vector Machines Subsection = Improving the SVM model Video time = 21-second mark In the video, the narrator mentions that fact that there is no iterating the SVM model.  The statistician may make changes to the hyperparameters, but the model in completely determined and that there is not a sequence of models (that statement is vague and probably why I'm asking this question.).   After running the SVM node, under the Assessment tab and looking at the Output table, the reader will notice that there is a report on the number of iterations used to build the model.   My question is "Does the number of iteration pertain to the number of steps that were required to find a solution to the minimization problem that must be solved to identify H, where H = {<w,x> + b = 0}? ... View more

My question pertains to the following subject matter:   Course = AI and Machine Learning Professional Module= Machine Learning Specialist Lession = Lesson 3 Decision Trees and Ensembles of Trees.   The first question:  When scoring data using an ensemble of trees, is the entire validation data set scored by each of the individual trees in the ensemble?     The second question is: If my training dataset has 1000 points, will each "bagging" sample  (sampling done with replacement) used to build  a tree in the ensemble contain 1000 data points? or is this an hyperparameter that the statistician can set within Model Studio?  A follow-up question then becomes if my original dataset contains 400 data points,  may a bagging sample, drawn from the original 400, contain more than 400 points and be mathematically defensiveable?   The third question is: Is the only difference between bagging and boosting is how the sample is selected for each tree in the ensemble.  For bagging, the sample is with replacement  for boosting the sampling is based on weights.  But, in the end, each method when applied to the same original dataset of size 500, will produce samples of size 500?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson ... View more

This is a follow-up to a previously posted question.  I needed to add some additional information to help the reader locate the area/topic that I have a question about.   Module: AI&ML Professional Class/Title: Machine Learning Specialist Lesson: Lesson 4 Neural Networks Section: Build a Neural Network using Default Settings Video, Demo or Practice Title: At the 1 minute and 50 second mark of the video.   subject: The neural network is being used to approximate the logit function.   In the Output Table, there exists a row titled "output nodes". For this example, SAS is reporting two (2) output nodes. When you look at the neural-network diagram within the results, there is a single output node.   Will someone help me and explain to me what the two outputs represent and where those nodes appear in the diagram, please?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson   ... View more

In Section 5 of AI and Machine learning, the program introduces Support Vector Machines (SVM).  Within this module, there is an extended discussion of how to interpret the SVM results.     Assume that the data are perfectly separable by a hyperplane.  Would the two clusters the the “1” cluster (event occurrence) and the “0” cluster (the event did not occur)?   When linear relationships are fit for individual variables, what is the target value for the “non-event” group (all the Y values are 0)?   I know this is a tough question to describe and will be tougher to interpret.  If possible, may I make a phone appointment with an instructor to discuss the problem, please?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson ... View more

In the demo  within the fourth chapter "Neural Networks", section 1 titled "Build a Neural Network using Default Settings" at time 1 minute 50 seconds, the presenter is going over the Output Table.  The neural network is being used to approximate the logit function.   In the Output Table, there exists a row titled "output nodes".  For this example, SAS is reporting two (2) output nodes.  When you look at the neural network diagram within the results, there is a single output node.   Will someone help me and explain to me what the two output represent and where those nodes appear in the diagram, please?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson ... View more

In the AI and Machine Learning module, there exists a document in Lesson 2 “Data Preparation and Model Selection” title “Singular Value Decomposition”.  In the contained example, three SVDs are calculated.  The values of the SVDs are: 1.63, 0.49, and 1.45.     The author of the document says that the SVDs are ordered by the magnitude of their associated SVD values.  In the example, SVD2 (value = 0.49) is said to be more important than SVD3 (value = 1.45).  That SVD2 is said to be more important than SVD3 is contrary to the method of assigning importance by the magnitude of the SVD.   My question is, why was SVD2 selected over SVD3, if magnitude of the SVD is used to select (or remove) a SVD?   Thank you,   Bill Donaldson ... View more

In my previous question, the discussion was about when interaction terms are not statistically significant.  In particular, winter-summer and spring-summer were the only seasons that interacted with sale price given heating units.  There were 4 other season pairs that were seen to be not statistically significant.   If the model that was developed were to be put in production to make predictions, is it statistically defensible to create an indicator variable to indicate the only pairings that should be included?   For example,   There are six different season pairs: (winter, spring), (winter, summer), (winter, fall), (spring, summer), (spring, fall), (summer, fall).  If one of these pairs produced a difference, for example (winter, spring), would you create an indicator variable for a winter-spring difference?  If there were two combos that produced a difference, would you then create two indicator variables—one for each interaction?   This is totally cryptic.  Please don’t hesitate to e-mail for extra discription.   Bill Donaldson      ... View more