missover sets a variable where not enough data is present to missing, while truncover reads what's available:
data _null_;
file '$HOME/test.txt';
input testvar $10.;
put testvar;
cards;
1234567890
1234
;
run;
data test1;
infile '$HOME/test.txt' missover;
input testvar $10.;
run;
data test2;
infile '$HOME/test.txt' truncover;
input testvar $10.;
run;
In test1, testvar will be empty for the second observation, while in test2, it gets the "1234".
truncover is newer and preferred.
There are papers on this:
https://support.sas.com/resources/papers/proceedings/proceedings/sugi26/p009-26.pdf
Other people have asked the same question:
Plus plenty of other material on a quick Google search which should answer this question.
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