It's a lookup for two different variables, using the same lookup table.
Simple technique, often used. But you can make it (much) faster today by loading the lookup table into a hash object and using the two variables as key in two FIND() method calls. Before the advent of the hash, we would often create a format from the lookup table and apply that twice.
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Learn how use the CAT functions in SAS to join values from multiple variables into a single value.
Find more tutorials on the SAS Users YouTube channel.