If this is just a general computer hardware performance question then you are asking this on the wrong forum and you should post this on a more relevant one. If the objective is to speed up the performance of your SAS processing then you should state that. If this is the case then I don't believe we can provide a definitive answer as there are many variables that impact performance. I would be very surprised if an externally plugged in USB-C drive would be significantly faster than an internally connected SSD as at the end of the day all computer IO is limited by the bandwidth of the internal IO bus.
I'd suggest either upgrading your internal drive to SSD or getting a new laptop with SSD will give you best bang for bucks.
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