not that I've seen. You can pretty much guess the predominant procedure by looking at the task title, but it's not guaranteed (The "describe" tasks can involve multiple procedures). You can always open an EGuide task, then preview the code to see the procedures used.
A clever way to get this information is to look under the task list by name. This shows the procedure name next to the task name!
Note that sometimes several tasks (e.g. Split Columns, Stack Columns, Transpose) all use the same procedure (PROC TRANSPOSE), and, of course, some procedures don't have an associated task.
I've just published a list of tasks in EG with the SAS procs that they use and the SAS product licenses that are required to use them. It's been on my to-do list for a long time -- this discussion thread prompted me to complete it.
The list is current as of EG 4.2, but most of the information applies in EG 4.1 as well.