From the docs:
SAS stores all numeric values in 8 bytes of storage unless you specify differently. This does not mean that a value is limited to 8 digits, but rather that 8 bytes are allocated for storing the value.
On any computer, there are limits to how large the absolute value of an integer can be. In SAS, this maximum integer value depends on two factors: · · the number of bytes that you explicitly specify for storing the variable (using the LENGTH statement) the operating environment on which SAS is running If you have not explicitly specified the number of storage bytes, then SAS uses the default length of 8 bytes, and the maximum integer then depends solely on what operating system you are using.
And a beautiful quote from @hashman 's paper: "Numeric variables all have the same memory length, 8, since in the physical memory each is nothing more but an 8-byte character string converted to the corresponding double-float number by the algorithm hidden behind the RB8 informat"