You will have to make a new variable since you want it to have a different type.
You can use an INPUT() function call to make a number from it.
debt_number = input(debt_code,32.);
You can use RENAME statement to change the variable names if want.
rename debt_code=debt_char debt_number=debt_code ;
BUT if the length of the digit strings in DEPT_CODE is longer than 16 then changing it to a number runs the risk of loosing precision. The maximum integer that SAS can store is: 9,007,199,254,740,992
188 data _null_;
189 maxint=constant('exactint');
190 put maxint= comma32. ;
191 digits=length(strip(cats(maxint)));
192 put digits=;
193 run;
maxint=9,007,199,254,740,992
digits=16