Rates based on small numbers are unreliable because the confidence intervals around those rates are way too big and/or you're more likely to see extreme events.   For example, a hospital has 3 babies born in one day and another hospital has 50 babies born in one day. Which one is more likely to have all girls or all boys? The smaller hospital. Smaller N's allow for seeing more extreme events that may not accurately represent the population.     ... View more

Here is a very strong hint: If you are comparing dataset variable values use if/then/else. If you are conditionally creating program code you likely are looking at %if/%then/%else. ... View more