In SAS, the code ead=cats('z', level_1, level_2, level_4, level_6); is using the CATS function to concatenate several variables and a string into a single character variable called "ead". Here's what each component of the code does: cats('z', level_1, level_2, level_4, level_6): This is the CATS function, which concatenates multiple arguments into a single character value. In this case, it concatenates the string 'z' with the values of the variables level_1, level_2, level_4, and level_6. ead=: This assigns the concatenated value to the character variable "ead". The resulting value of "ead" will be a string that combines the values of the variables level_1, level_2, level_4, and level_6, with 'z' appended at the beginning. For example, if level_1 = 'A', level_2 = 'B', level_4 = 'C', and level_6 = 'D', the resulting value of "ead" would be 'zABCD'. The values of the variables are concatenated together, with 'z' added at the beginning. Note that the CATS function removes leading and trailing spaces from the values it concatenates. If you want to preserve the spaces, you can use the CATX function instead.
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