sgplot: shading background of a plot

[Anita_n]

Dear all,

I have this code and I wish to shade the backgroud of plot indicating the normal and critical  areas. 

data have;
infile datalines;
input type $10. num_pat num_centers 3.;

datalines;
liver       8  6
stomach     4  6
breast     20  10
ovary      15  8
kidney     18  10
leucemia   16  2
intestine  4   2
CNS        5   1
lung      14   7
uterus    16   8
;

run;

data have;
set have;
r_value=num_pat/num_centers;

if r_value < 2 then grup="critical";else grup="normal";
if grup="normal" then high=.; else if grup="critical" then high=1.99;

label r_value= R-Values;
run;

proc sort data=have;
by descending r_value;
run;


proc sgplot data=have noautolegend ;
styleattrs datacolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF' ) datacontrastcolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF' );
label;

vbar type /response= num_centers  missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) legendlabel='Number of treatment centers' name='a';

vbar type /response= num_pat missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) barwidth=0.5 legendlabel='Number of patients' name='b'; 

xaxis type=discrete discreteorder=data display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=6pt family=arial);

yaxis  display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) grid;
y2axis  labelattrs=(size=8pt family=arial color=dimgray) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial);

vline type / response=r_value y2axis lineattrs=(color=gold  pattern=solid thickness=2) nostatlabel  legendlabel='R-values' name='c';

keylegend 'a' 'b' 'c' / location=outside position=bottom across=0 title="" valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) outerpad=(top=0.2cm) noborder;

run;

something like this:

how do I do that?

[ballardw]

Define "critical area" for your plot, which is two overlayed VBAR plots and has nothing in common with the "example" picture.

An axis for a continuous variable can be defined with ranges in data and overlay any of a number of things. But your xaxis for VBAR is categorical and so you are going to have some fun defining a range of the xaxis values.

[Anita_n]

so, it's not possible to define ranges for categorial axis, is that right?

[FreelanceReinh · Accepted solution]

Hello @Anita_n,

You could add the WALLCOLOR= option to your STYLEATTRS statement to define the color of the "normal" area and add one or two VBAR statements to draw the "critical" area (using a constant variable).

data want;
set have;
critlimit=2;
label critlimit='R-Values';
run;

proc sgplot data=want noautolegend ;
styleattrs datacolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF') datacontrastcolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF') wallcolor=lightgrey;
label;
vbar type /response= critlimit nooutline barwidth=1 fillattrs=(color=lightpink) y2axis discreteoffset=-0.1;
vbar type /response= critlimit nooutline barwidth=1 fillattrs=(color=lightpink) y2axis discreteoffset= 0.1;

vbar type /response= num_centers fillattrs=(color='CX5F9EA0') missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) legendlabel='Number of treatment centers' name='a';

vbar type /response= num_pat fillattrs=(color='CX00FFFF') missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) barwidth=0.5 legendlabel='Number of patients' name='b'; 

xaxis type=discrete discreteorder=data display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=6pt family=arial);

yaxis  display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) grid offsetmin=0;
y2axis  labelattrs=(size=8pt family=arial color=dimgray) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) min=0.66667;

vline type / response=r_value y2axis lineattrs=(color=gold  pattern=solid thickness=2) nostatlabel  legendlabel='R-values' name='c';

keylegend 'a' 'b' 'c' / location=outside position=bottom across=0 title="" valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) outerpad=(top=0.2cm) noborder;
run;

(I had to add the FILLATTRS= and MIN= options to existing statements because of interactions with the new VBAR statements. The OFFSETMIN=0 option avoids a margin of background color below the bars.)

[Anita_n]

Thanks to you all for your suggestions

@FreelanceReinh : I adjusted your code this way:

data want;
set have;
if high ^=. then critlimit=35;
run;

proc sgplot data=want noautolegend ;
styleattrs datacolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF') datacontrastcolors=('CX5F9EA0' 'CX00FFFF') wallcolor=dimgrey;
label;
vbar type /response= critlimit nooutline barwidth=1 fillattrs=(color=lightpink) y2axis discreteoffset=-0.1;
vbar type /response= critlimit nooutline barwidth=1 fillattrs=(color=lightpink) y2axis discreteoffset= 0.1;

vbar type /response= num_centers fillattrs=(color='CX5F9EA0') missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) legendlabel='Number of treatment centers' name='a';
vbar type /response= num_pat fillattrs=(color='CX00FFFF') missing baselineattrs=(thickness=0) barwidth=0.5 legendlabel='Number of patients' name='b'; 

xaxis type=discrete discreteorder=data display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=6pt family=arial);

yaxis  display=(nolabel) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) grid offsetmin=0;
y2axis  labelattrs=(size=8pt family=arial color=dimgray) valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) min=0.66667;

vline type / response=r_value y2axis lineattrs=(color=gold  pattern=solid thickness=2) nostatlabel  legendlabel='R-values' name='c';

inset "critical areas" / position=NE textattrs=(color=red family=arial size=7pt weight=bold);
inset "normal areas" / position=NW textattrs=(color=black family=arial size=7pt weight=bold);

keylegend 'a' 'b' 'c' / location=outside position=bottom across=0 title="" valueattrs=(size=7pt family=arial) outerpad=(top=0.2cm) noborder;
run;

I don't know if it make sense to do it this way but it seems to produce what I want

[FreelanceReinh]

---

@Anita_n wrote:

I don't know if it make sense to do it this way but it seems to produce what I want

---

Great that it produces what you want. (But did you notice the change of the y2-axis label?)

My interpretation of

if r_value < 2 then grup="critical";else grup="normal";

was that the "critical" area was a horizontal stripe (unlike in the picture you posted) with upper limit r_value=2. If I had realized that it was really meant to be vertical, I would have suggested a BLOCK statement (as DanH_sas did) because I produced those block plots in the past.

[Anita_n]

@FreelanceReinh yes , you right. that is the right defination for the critical and normal areas but I want the background to start from 0 to the maximum y2axis value (that is why I am asking if there is a better way to do that). I will can also try @DanH_sas  suggestion but at the moment your code worked for me, thanks.

[DanH_sas]

In this case, you might want to use a SERIES plot instead of a VLINE, unless you need the data summarized. For the background, you just need BLOCK plot. Here is a simple example:

data air;
set sashelp.air;
if (date <= '01jan1958'd) then period="earlier";
else period="later";
run;

proc sgplot data=air;
block x=date block=period / filltype=alternate;
series x=date y=air;
run;

[DanH_sas]

Sorry, I just realized that your code also has VBARs in it. What I would do is use PROC SUMMARY or PROC MEANS to summarize the data. Then, use VBARPARMs and a SERIES instead so that I can put a BLOCK plot behind it, like in the example in my previous post.

[Rick_SAS]

For an example of this kind of block plot, see 

https://blogs.sas.com/content/iml/2016/11/21/forecast-regions.html

[Anita_n]

@DanH_sas the Vbarparm statement in combination with series and block statement is a very efficient way of solving this problem. I like that😊. Thankyou all for the help