@PaigeMiller, sorry I should have clarified. The two observations in a matched pair need not refer to the same subject. For example, case-control studies that match a single control with each case yield these matched-pairs data. By "matched pairs" I mean that the cases and controls were matched 1:1 on age, gender, race. So each case got one control that was similar to the case in terms of age, gender, race. For example, a matched pair would be IDs that have the same group number, i.e. id#0001 and 0017 (group#1), or 0002 and 0005 (group#2), or 0060 and 0010 (group#3) etc. Hope this makes sense. Basically, all I know is that we have some registry data (retrospective) on outcomes of patients with this specific disease and the investigator is interested in matching one non-diseased patient to every disease patient and then comparing the two groups on specific outcomes/variables (table with n, mean, median, count (%) and pvalue).
I don't have any experience with matched case-control or cohort studies but from what I've been reading, it seems that any statistical analysis that you do on the data after this matching has been performed, should account for the matching?
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