The RANDOM statement
random patient(treatment);
correlates all the observations from the same patient with a CS structure.
The RANDOM statement
random week*patient(treatment);
correlates all the observations from the same week for a patient. So that statement puts a CS structure on all the segments from the same week on the same patient.
From your description, you may not need to further correlate the errors in your model. You state that segment is of no interest to you, so you do not need an effect that includes segment. It does appear that you are measuring both eyes on a patient, with 56 observations coming from each eye. If both, do you need to correlate observations from the same eye?
You could correlate the observations from the same segment across the weeks, using something like segment*eye*patient(treatment) as the subject effect on a REPEATED statement. That might look something like
repeated week / subject=segment*eye*patient(treatment) type=??;
where you can choose the covariance structure applied. This model will get expensive to estimate if you have lots of patients and many weeks, however.
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