I am running a repeated measures in Proc Mixed using a repeated statement. I also have a random effect that I would like to include. When I run the model without the random effect, my den. df reflects the number of subjects (as it should). However, as soon as I add in a random statement, my df nearly triples. Why? Is there a way to include a random effect with a repeated measures that doesn't inflate my df?   Here is the code with both the random and repeated statements:   proc mixed Data=Flux_Devo method=ml; class id family trt stage; model CO2lograte= temp|trt|stage mass_start; random family; repeated / type=un subject=id r; run;   Thank you! ... View more