hi, i am trying to understand how the variable X can be converted from annual data to quarterly. (Please note that i have already the X variable in quarters but i need to understand how it has been converted)   i used Xy which is on annual basis and then using the proc expand tried to transform it to quarterly data.   However, the outcome from SAS is not what i expected. At the bottom i have attached the X variable measured in quarters (this is what i expect from SAS)   data a; input year $4. Xy; datalines; 2000 519859 2001 561439 2002 606166 2003 656433 2004 713004 2005 770328 2006 836010 2007 903466 2008 951003 2009 971475 ; run; data b; set a; year1 = mdy(1,1,input(year,4.)); format year1 year4.; drop year; rename year1=year; run; proc expand data=b out=c from=year to=quarter; id year; convert xy = xq_tot / observed = total; convert xy = xq_avg / observed = average; run;   this is the SAS results. Compare these results with the actual (what i am expecting to see) which are at the bottom there is a difference    Obs year xq_tot xq_avg 1 2000:01:00 125099.3 504716 2 2000:02:00 127895.6 514664 3 2000:03:00 132067.7 524772 4 2000:04:00 134796.4 535062.9 5 2001:01:00 134477.7 545388.6 6 2001:02:00 138591.9 555823.4 7 2001:03:00 142809.7 566562.2 8 2001:04:00 145559.8 577571.8 9 2002:01:00 145118 588691.7 10 2002:02:00 149552.4 599999 11 2002:03:00 154187.9 611706.6 12 2002:04:00 157307.7 623819.9 13 2003:01:00 156997.6 636238.5 14 2003:02:00 161941.6 649124.9 15 2003:03:00 167048.3 662784 16 2003:04:00 170445.5 677066.2 17 2004:01:00 171992.8 691544.5 18 2004:02:00 175439.9 705928.8 19 2004:03:00 180946.6 720114.3 20 2004:04:00 184624.7 734118.2 21 2005:01:00 184247.7 748018.9 22 2005:02:00 190029.7 762219.8 23 2005:03:00 196016.6 777272.5 24 2005:04:00 200034.1 793227.8 25 2006:01:00 199695.3 809730.8 26 2006:02:00 206098.6 826752.3 27 2006:03:00 212817.8 844454.2 28 2006:04:00 217398.3 862430.9 29 2007:01:00 217029.6 879876.1 30 2007:02:00 223564.9 896367 31 2007:03:00 229796.5 911661.8 32 2007:04:00 233075 925369.2 33 2008:01:00 233297.7 937311.2 34 2008:02:00 235622.9 947506.6 35 2008:03:00 240203.1 956061.7 36 2008:04:00 241879.3 962945.7 37 2009:01:00 237977.5 968056.1 38 2009:02:00 241768.3 971449.5 39 2009:03:00 245424.4 973167.1 40 2009:04:00 246304.8 973152.7     Below is the X variable measured in quarters (this is what i am trying to replicate with SAS)     X 2000 Q1 492537 2000 Q2 500653 2000 Q3 509423 2000 Q4 519859 2001 Q1 529811 2001 Q2 542744 2001 Q3 552252 2001 Q4 561439 2002 Q1 571788 2002 Q2 587243 2002 Q3 593962 2002 Q4 606166 2003 Q1 618291 2003 Q2 631968 2003 Q3 639026 2003 Q4 656433 2004 Q1 667726 2004 Q2 683069 2004 Q3 696401 2004 Q4 713004 2005 Q1 724853 2005 Q2 745101 2005 Q3 756804 2005 Q4 770328 2006 Q1 786507 2006 Q2 805301 2006 Q3 821162 2006 Q4 836010 2007 Q1 852850 2007 Q2 872706 2007 Q3 887064 2007 Q4 903466 2008 Q1 920687 2008 Q2 939411 2008 Q3 941561 2008 Q4 951003 2009 Q1 952468 2009 Q2 960718 2009 Q3 963883 2009 Q4 971475     ... View more