topic Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic in SAS Procedures

evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dr2014 — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 19:29:58 GMT

Does anyone have any resource on the estimates or process for looking for evidence for confounding in proc logistic? I know this is a stats question, but any leads/suggestions, resources would be helpful for interpreting the proc logistic output for confounders.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

PhilC — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 19:41:32 GMT

PROC CORR.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dr2014 — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 19:51:05 GMT

I have categorical variables. proc corr will tell me about the linear relationship between 2 numeric variables. I have already sorted out measures of association using chisq.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

PhilC — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 20:03:24 GMT

right... So logistic regressions do not use categorical variables either, so the categorical variables are converted to dummy variables... I don't know something that can make this easy. I must defer to another community member. It would be great if you could make a dataset that contains the dummy variables created by PROC LOGISTIC.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dr2014 — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 20:08:51 GMT

Yes, you are right. I did convert the categorical variables to dummy variables. let me see if I can get the dataset with the dummy variables...

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dcruik — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 20:12:57 GMT

You could convert your character variables to numeric with dummy variables, then take that data set and run a proc reg with a VIF options that will give you the multicollinearity diagnostics by providing you with variation inflation factors (vif). Any parameter estimate with high variation will tell you that you may have some confounding issues. Not sure if that's what you're looking for exactly, but just one idea.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dr2014 — Mon, 10 Aug 2015 20:42:09 GMT

Thanks for your reply @dcruik. I see what you mean @philc. Yes, that is part of what I am looking for. I did come across your idea on the internet but the process wasn't clear. So just to understand it better...this is my model for proc logistic regression...

proc logistic data=lr;

class.....etc

model z= a b c d e f g h;

run;

g and h are control variables. Also, all the variables in the model are dummy variables.. Its still a numeric variable with a discrete outcome? So I run a proc reg only on the control variables to i.e.

proc reg data=lr;

model z= g h /vif;

run;

The reason I am asking is because I have already run chisq to look for significance of association for the other predictor variables.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dcruik — Tue, 11 Aug 2015 12:53:35 GMT

I would recommend checking out this book by Paul Allison that discusses Logistic Regression using SAS. In Chapter 3.5, he discusses about Multicollinearity and checking the diagnostics using this proc reg with the vif option. There's an example that he uses that could help bring to light the purpose of what you're trying to do, and how to apply it with your data. Hope this can be a better reference.

https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NF9kwF1lOF4C&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=paul+allison+multicollinearity+with+logistic+regression&ots=zxuYlu2I2B&sig=gOGzfB0d9Zibr_OofjHBiMBnPlI#v=onepage&q=paul%20allison%20multicollinearity%20with%20logistic%20regression&f=false

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

PhilC — Tue, 11 Aug 2015 14:15:26 GMT

Looking at a correlation matrix is also advised by Gareth James, et al. "An Introduction to Statistical Learning". Collinearity is discussed starting around page 113.

If you are going to use VIF or correlation matrices, you want to consider all of your independent variables. The use of the word independence is meaningful because this confounding is typically because the independent variables are not truly independent of each other, yet true independence is an assumption that is assumed to be true when one performs any linear regression.

Re: evidence for confounding in proc logistic

dr2014 — Tue, 11 Aug 2015 16:27:55 GMT

Thanks @dcruik and @PhilC. I did realize I have to include all the independent variables in for the VIF. Just couldn't get back yesterday to add a comment The explanations make sense @PhilC. I wanted something very precise to help me in my decision. This helped a lot. I will refer to the books suggested,

Best,

D R.