topic Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ? in SAS Programming

What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

inquistive — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 18:05:34 GMT

Hi SAS experts,

We use:

'01AUG2022'D <= birthdate <= '05AUG2022'D (to derive birthdates that fall BETWEEN Aug 1st and Aug 5, 2022)

What operators do we use to say NOT BETWEEN ?

Thanks,

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

Reeza — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 18:12:53 GMT

NOT ('01AUG2022'D <= birthdate <= '05AUG2022'D)

birthdate < '01AUG2022'D & birthdate >'05AUG2022'D

Two options...first is easier to understand.

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

inquistive — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 18:40:41 GMT

@Reeza,

Thank you, Reeza!

It works fine. I am curious if there is any way we can get rid of this naughty 'NOT' too in the code😄.

I mean two (<=) means BETWEEN. Shouldn't there be some operator(s) that does not require support of any letters ?

Let's see if any SASsy guys or people from SAS headquarters chime in.

Thanks,

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

sbxkoenk — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 18:50:06 GMT

See how base SAS translates NOT BETWEEN :

5    data want;
6     set sashelp.class;
7     where height NOT between 60 and 100;
8    run;

NOTE: There were 7 observations read from the data set SASHELP.CLASS.
      WHERE  not (height>=60 and height<=100);
NOTE: The data set WORK.WANT has 7 observations and 5 variables.
NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):
      real time           0.01 seconds
      cpu time            0.00 seconds

Koen

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

inquistive — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 19:02:27 GMT

Yup, that's what every SAS user uses & knows of .

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

Reeza — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 19:21:05 GMT

@inquistive wrote:

I mean two (<=) means BETWEEN. Shouldn't there be some operator(s) that does not require support of any letters ?

Let's see if any SASsy guys or people from SAS headquarters chime in.

Thanks,

So instead of the word NOT you want a symbol?

There are a few but tilde is the simplest one, it depends on your OS.

∘ ¬ ~

Something like:

 1          OPTIONS NONOTES NOSTIMER NOSOURCE NOSYNTAXCHECK;
 68         
 69         data want;
 70         set sashelp.class;
 71         
 72         where ~( 12 < age <14);
 73         run;
 
 NOTE: There were 16 observations read from the data set SASHELP.CLASS.
       WHERE  not (age>12 and age<14);
 NOTE: The data set WORK.WANT has 16 observations and 5 variables.
 NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):
       real time           0.00 seconds
       user cpu time       0.01 seconds
       system cpu time     0.00 seconds
       memory              704.37k
       OS Memory           25764.00k
       Timestamp           08/05/2022 07:19:12 PM
       Step Count                        24  Switch Count  2
       Page Faults                       0
       Page Reclaims                     226
       Page Swaps                        0
       Voluntary Context Switches        10
       Involuntary Context Switches      0
       Block Input Operations            0
       Block Output Operations           264

Logical Operators
Symbol/Mnemonic	Description	Example
& or AND	If both of the quantities linked by an AND are 1 (true), then the result of the AND operation is 1. Otherwise, the result is 0.	`(a>b & c>d)`
\| or OR1	If either of the quantities linked by an OR is 1 (true), then the result of the OR operation is 1 (true). Otherwise, the OR operation produces a 0.	`(a>b or c>d)`
! or OR
¦ or OR
¬ or NOT2		`not(a>b)`
∘ or NOT
~ or NOT
1 The symbol that you use for OR depends on your operating environment.
2 The symbol that you use for NOT depends on your operating environment.

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

PaigeMiller — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 19:56:38 GMT

I am curious if there is any way we can get rid of this naughty 'NOT' too in the code

The language is set up to do certain things in certain ways. Why do you want to avoid the designed way to do things? Why is having NOT in your code even an issue? (And others have shown methods of doing this without using NOT)

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

Kurt_Bremser — Fri, 05 Aug 2022 19:49:50 GMT

Be happy that you can use words. Special characters are often not available on different platforms; the 26 characters are always there, and never cause unexpected issues. Just see what happens when you use <> in SAS instead of "ne".

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

mkeintz — Sat, 06 Aug 2022 17:21:55 GMT

@Reeza wrote:
NOT ('01AUG2022'D <= birthdate <= '05AUG2022'D)

birthdate < '01AUG2022'D & birthdate >'05AUG2022'D
Two options...first is easier to understand.

I hope option 2 should be "OR", not "&"

birthdate < '01AUG2022'D OR birthdate >'05AUG2022'D

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

Tom — Sat, 06 Aug 2022 17:39:29 GMT

You could also let SAS tell you how it translates it.

2568  data test;
2569    set sashelp.class;
2570    where not (13 <= age <= 14) ;
2571  run;

NOTE: There were 12 observations read from the data set SASHELP.CLASS.
      WHERE  not (age>=13 and age<=14);
NOTE: The data set WORK.TEST has 12 observations and 5 variables.

So if you apply De Morgan's Law you get one of these:

WHERE not (age>=13) or not (age<=14);
WHERE (age<13) or (age>14);

Re: What is Logical Operator for NOT BETWEEN in SAS ?

Reeza — Mon, 08 Aug 2022 17:35:42 GMT

Probably, which is why the NOT is much easier 😄