topic Re: Calling a macro and running analysis in SAS Programming

Calling a macro and running analysis

desireatem — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 18:39:29 GMT

Hello I wish to call the following macro and run the analysis below. The macro runs well but the last part to simulate a data and runs does not work. Any help?

The problem is from the data test (marked bold below) , no problem with the macro.

/*** I want to used the macro called indirect*******/

/* Macro begins*/;

%macro indirect(data=,y=,x=,m=,c=0,boot=1000,conf=95,percent=0,bc=1,bca=0, normal=0,contrast=0);

proc iml;

use &data;

read all var{&y &x &m} into dd;

nm={&y &x &m};

xx=(dd = .);xx=xx[,+];

j=1;do i = 1 to nrow(dd);if xx[i,1]=0 then;do;dd[j,]=dd[i,];j=j+1;end;end;

dd=dd[1:j-1,];

nm = nm`;

n = nrow(dd);

nv = ncol(dd);

nc = &c;

con=j(n,1,1);

dt2 = dd;

dt = dd;

resid = j(n,(nv-nc),0);

info = j((2*(nv-nc-2)+1),(2*(nv-nc-2)+1),0);

imat = j(ncol(info),4,1);

imat[1:(nv-nc-2),1]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

imat[1:(nv-nc-2),3]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),2]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),4]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),1]=j((nv-nc-2),1,(nv-nc));

imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),3]=j((nv-nc-2),1,(nv-nc));

imat[ncol(info),1:4]={1 1 1 1};

imat[ncol(info),1]=nv-nc;

imat[ncol(info),3]=nv-nc;

bzx = j(nv-2-nc,1,0);

bzxse = j(nv-2-nc,1,0);

b=j((nv-1-nc),(nv-1-nc),0);

cname={"C1", "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5", "C6", "C7", "C8", "C9", "C10", "C11", "C12", "C13", "C14", "C15", "C16"};

cname=cname//{"C17", "C18", "C19", "C20", "C21", "C22", "C23", "C24", "C25", "C26", "C27", "C28", "C29"};

cname=cname//{"C30", "C31", "C32", "C33", "C34", "C35", "C36", "C37", "C38", "C39", "C40", "C41", "C42"};

cname=cname//{"C43", "C44", "C45"};

p0 = -0.322232431088;

p1 = -1;

p2 = -0.342242088547;

p3 = -0.0204231210245;

p4 = -.0000453642210148;

q0 = 0.0993484626060;

q1 = 0.588581570495;

q2 = 0.531103462366;

q3 = 0.103537752850;

q4 = 0.0038560700634;

conf=round(&conf);

lowalp = 0.5*(1-(conf/100));

upalp = 0.5*(1+(conf/100));

zbca = lowalp//upalp;

btn = 1;

if (&boot > 999) then;

do;

btn = floor(&boot/1000)*1000;

end;

blowp = floor(lowalp*btn);

if (blowp < 1) then;

do;

blowp = 1;

end;

bhighp = floor((upalp*btn)+1);

if (bhighp > btn) then;

do;

bhighp = btn;

end;

indeff = j((n+1+btn),(nv-1-nc),0);

do d = 1 to (n+1+btn);

if (d = (n+2)) then;

do;

dt = dt2;

con = j(n,1,1);

end;

if (d > 1) then if (d < (n+2)) then;

do;

if (d = 2) then;

do;

con = j((n-1),1,1);

dt = dt2[2:n,];

end;

if (d = (n+1)) then;

do;

dt = dt2[1:(n-1),];

end;

if (d > 2) then if (d < (n+1)) then;

do;

dt = dt2[1:(d-2),]//dt2[(d:n),];

end;

if (d > (n+1)) then;

do;

do nn = 1 to n;

v = int(ranuni(0)*n)+1;

dt[nn,1:nv]=dt2[v,1:nv];

end;

x = dt[,2];

m = dt[,3:(nv-nc)];

y = dt[,1];

xz = dt[,2:nv];

xo = con||x;

if (nc > 0) then;

do;

c = dt[,(nv-nc+1):nv];

xo = xo||c;

end;

do k = 3 to (nv-nc);

ytmp = dt[,k];

bzxt = inv(xo`*xo)*xo`*ytmp;

bzx[(k-2),1]=bzxt[2,1];

if (d = 1) then;

do;

resid[,(k-1)]=ytmp-(xo*bzxt);

mse = sum((ytmp-(xo*bzxt))##2)/(n-2-nc);

olscm = (mse*inv(xo`*xo));

bzxse[(k-2),1]=sqrt(olscm[2,2]);

end;

if (d = 1) then;

do;

if (nc > 0) then;

do;

cnt = dd[,(nv-(nc-1)):nv];

xo = con||x||cnt;

end;

if (nc = 0) then;

do;

xo = con||x;

end;

byx = inv(xo`*xo)*xo`*y;

mse = sum((y-(xo*byx))##2)/(n-2-nc);

olscm = (mse*inv(xo`*xo));

byxse = sqrt(olscm[2,2]);

byx = byx[2,1];

end;

xzo = con||xz;

byzx = inv(xzo`*xzo)*xzo`*y;

byzx2 = byzx[3:(nv-nc),1];

if (d = 1) then;

do;

resid[,ncol(resid)]=y-(xzo*byzx);

mse = sum((y-(xzo*byzx))##2)/(n-nv);

covmat = mse*inv(xzo`*xzo);

olscm = vecdiag(covmat);

sse = mse*(n-nv);

sst = sum((y-(sum(y)/n))##2);

r2 = 1-(sse/sst);

ar2 = 1-(mse/(sst/(n-1)));

fr = ((n-nv)*r2)/((1-r2)*ncol(xz));

pfr = 1-probf(fr,ncol(xz),(n-nv));

if (nc > 0) then;

do;

bcon = byzx[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

bconse = sqrt(olscm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1]);

end;

byzx2se = sqrt(olscm[3:(nv-nc),1]);

cprime = byzx[2,1];

cprimese=sqrt(olscm[2,1]);

end;

indeff2 = (bzx#byzx2);

zs = (bzx/bzxse)#(byzx2/byzx2se);

temp = t(sum(indeff2)//indeff2);

indeff[d,]=temp;

if (d = 1) then;

do;

vs = nm[1:(nv-nc),1];

rn = {"DV = " "IV = " "MEDS = "};

print "Dependent, Independent, and Proposed Mediator Variables";

print vs [rowname = rn];

if (nc > 0) then;

do;

vs = nm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

print "Statistical Controls";

rn = {"CONTROLS="};

print vs [rowname = rn];

end;

print "Sample size";

print n;

nms = nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

te = bzx/bzxse;

df = n-2-nc;

p = 2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

bzxmat = bzx||bzxse||te||p;

b[2:(nv-1-nc),1]=bzx;

se2 = bzxse#bzxse;

cnm = {"Coeff" "se" "t" "p"};

print "IV to Mediators (a paths)";

print bzxmat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

te = byzx2/byzx2se;

df = n-nv;

p = 2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

byzx2mat=byzx2||byzx2se||te||p;

print "Direct Effects of Mediators on DV (b paths)";

print byzx2mat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

te=byx/byxse;

df = n-2-nc;

p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

byxmat = byx||byxse||te||p;

xnm=nm[2,1];

print "Total effect of IV on DV (c path)";

print byxmat [rowname = xnm colname = cnm format = 9.4];

te=cprime/cprimese;

df = n-nv;

p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

cprimmat = cprime||cprimese||te||p;

print "Direct Effect of IV on DV (c' path)";

print cprimmat [rowname = xnm colname = cnm format = 9.4];

if (nc > 0) then;

do;

df = n-nv;

nms = nm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

te=bcon/bconse;

p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

bconmat = bcon||bconse||te||p;

print "Partial Effect of Control Variables on DV";

print bconmat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

end;

dvms=r2||ar2||fr||ncol(xz)||(n-nv)||pfr;

print "Fit Statistics for DV Model";

cnm = {"R-sq" "adj R-sq" "F" "df1" "df2" "p"};

print dvms [colname = cnm format = 9.4];

if (&normal =^ 0) then;if(&c = 0) then;do;

do;

bmat=j((nv-nc),(nv-nc),0);

bmat[2:(nv-nc-1),1]=bzx;

bmat[(nv-nc),2:(nv-nc-1)]=byzx2`;

bmat[(nv-nc),1]=cprime;

imbinv = inv(i(ncol(bmat))-bmat);

imbtinv = inv(i(ncol(bmat))-bmat`);

resid[,1]=x-(x[+]/n);

psi = (resid`*resid)/(n-1);

invpsi = inv(psi);

ibpsiib = imbinv*psi*imbtinv;

do ic = 1 to ncol(info);

do ic2 = 1 to ncol(info);

info[ic,ic2]=(n-1)*((imbinv[imat[ic2,4],imat[ic,1]]*imbinv[imat[ic,2],imat[ic2,3]])+(ibpsiib[imat[ic2,4],imat[ic,2]]*invpsi[imat[ic,1],imat[ic2,3]]));

end;

varcov=inv(info);

varcov=varcov[1:(2*(nv-nc-2)),1:(2*(nv-nc-2))];

ses = vecdiag(varcov);

avar = ses[1:nrow(bzxse),1];

bvar = ses[(nrow(bzxse)+1):nrow(ses),1];

if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if(&contrast = 1) then;do;

prws=j(((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),1,0);

prwse=prws;

kk=1;

do ic = 1 to (nv-nc-3);

do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-2);

vf2=((byzx2[ic,1]##2)*varcov[ic,ic])-(2*byzx2[ic,1]*byzx2[ic2,1]*(varcov[ic,ic2]));

vf2=vf2+((byzx2[ic2,1]##2)*varcov[ic2,ic2])+((bzx[ic,1]##2)*(bvar[ic,1]));

vf2=vf2-(2*bzx[ic,1]*bzx[ic2,1]*covmat[(2+ic),(2+ic2)])+((bzx[ic2,1]##2)*(bvar[ic2,1]));

cnt=indeff2[ic,1]-indeff2[ic2,1];

prws[kk,1]=cnt;

prwse[kk,1]=sqrt(vf2);

kk=kk+1;

end;

cnam2=cname[1:(kk-1),1];

end;end;

dermat=byzx2//bzx;

totse=sqrt((dermat)`*varcov*dermat);

specse = sqrt((byzx2#byzx2)#(avar)+(bzx#bzx)#(bvar));

specse = totse//specse;

indsum=indeff2[+];

specz = (indsum//indeff2)/specse;

ind22 = indsum//indeff2;

nms = {"TOTAL"}//nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if(&contrast = 1) then;do;

ind22 = ind22//prws;

specse = specse//prwse;

specz2 = prws/prwse;

specz = specz//specz2;

nms = nms//cnam2;

end;end;

pspec = 2*(1-probnorm(abs(specz)));

spec = ind22||specse||specz||pspec;

cnm = {"Effect" "se" "Z" "p"};

print "*****************************************************";

print "NORMAL THEORY TESTS FOR INDIRECT EFFECTS";

print "Indirect Effects of IV on DV through Mediators (ab paths)";

print spec [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

end;end;

end;

if (btn > 1) then;do;

nms = {"TOTAL"}//nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

if (nv-nc-2) > 1 then do;if (&contrast = 1) then do;

crst=j((n+1+btn),((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),0);

kk=1;

do ic = 2 to (nv-nc-2);

do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-1);

crst[,kk]=indeff[,ic]-indeff[,ic2];

kk=kk+1;

end;

indeff = indeff||crst;

cnam2=cname[1:(kk-1),1];

nms = nms//cnam2;

end;

lvout = indeff[2:(n+1),];

tdotm = lvout[+,]/n;

tm = j(n,ncol(lvout),1)*diag(tdotm);

topa=(((n-1)/n)*(tm-lvout))##3;

topa=topa[+,];

bota =((((n-1)/n)*(tm-lvout))##2);

bota=bota[+,];

bota=6*sqrt(bota##3);

ahat = topa/bota;

indsam = indeff[1,]`;

boot = indeff[(n+2):nrow(indeff),];

mnboot = (boot[+,]/btn)`;

xt=boot-j(btn,1)*boot[:,];

cv=(xt`*xt)/btn;

se=sqrt(vecdiag(cv));

create bootstp from boot [colname='indirect'];

append from boot;

nnn = j(1,ncol(indeff),-999);

boot = nnn//boot;

do e = 1 to (ncol(indeff));

do i = 2 to (btn+1);

ix = boot[i,e];

do k = i to 2 by -1;

k2 = k;

if (boot[(k-1),e] > ix) then;

do;

boot[k,e]=boot[(k-1),e];

end;

else;

if (boot[(k-1),e] <= ix) then;

do;

goto stpit;

end;

stpit:

boot[k2,e]=ix;

end;

boot = boot[2:(btn+1),];

xp=j((nrow(mnboot)+2),1,0);

do i = 1 to (nrow(mnboot)+2);

if (i <= nrow(mnboot)) then;

do;

pv = (boot[,i] < indsam[i,1]);

pv = pv[+,]/btn;

end;

else;

pv = zbca[(i-nrow(mnboot)),1];

p=pv;

if (pv > 0.5) then;

do;

p = 1-pv;

end;

y5 = sqrt(-2*log(p));

xp[i,1]=y5+((((y5*p4+p3)*y5+p2)*y5+p1)*y5+p0)/((((y5*q4+q3)*y5+q2)*y5+q1)*y5+q0);

if (pv <= 0.5) then;

do;

xp[i,1]=-xp[i,1];

end;

bbb = nrow(mnboot);

zz = xp[1:bbb,1];

zlo = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])));

zup = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])));

ahat = 0;

zlobc = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])));

zupbc = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])));

zlo = probnorm(zlo);

zup = probnorm(zup);

zlobc = probnorm(zlobc);

zupbc = probnorm(zupbc);

blow = int(zlo*(btn+1));

bhigh = int(zup*(btn+1))+1;

blowbc = int(zlobc*(btn+1));

bhighbc = int(zupbc*(btn+1))+1;

lowbca = j(nrow(blow),1,0);

upbca = lowbca;

do i = 1 to nrow(blow);

if (blow[i,1] < 1) then;

do;

blow[i,1]=1;

end;

lowbca[i,1]=boot[blow[i,1],i];

if (bhigh[i,1] > btn) then;

do;

bhigh[i,1]=btn;

end;

upbca[i,1]=boot[bhigh[i,1],i];

end;

lowbc = j(nrow(blow),1,0);

upbc = lowbca;

do i = 1 to nrow(blowbc);

if (blowbc[i,1] < 1) then;

do;

blowbc[i,1]=1;

end;

lowbc[i,1]=boot[blowbc[i,1],i];

if (bhighbc[i,1] > btn) then;

do;

bhighbc[i,1]=btn;

end;

upbc[i,1]=boot[bhighbc[i,1],i];

end;

print "*****************************************************";

print "BOOTSTRAP RESULTS FOR INDIRECT EFFECTS";

res = indsam||mnboot||(mnboot-indsam)||se;

cn = {"Data" "Boot" "Bias" "SE"};

print "Indirect Effects of IV on DV through Mediators (ab paths)";

print res [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

lowperc = boot[blowp,];

upperc = boot[bhighp,];

ci = lowbca||upbca;

cn = {"Lower" "Upper"};

if (&bca ^= 0) then;

do;

print "Bias Corrected and Accelerated Confidence Intervals";

print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

end;

if (&bc ^= 0) then;

do;

ci = lowbc||upbc;

print "Bias Corrected Confidence Intervals";

print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

end;

if (&percent ^= 0) then;

do;

ci = lowperc`||upperc`;

print "Percentile Confidence Intervals";

print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

end;

print "*****************************************************";

print "Level of Confidence for Confidence Intervals";

print conf;

print "Number of Bootstrap Resamples";

print btn;

end;

if (&normal = 1) then;do;if (&c = 0) then;do;prt =1;end;end;

if (btn > 999) then;do;prt = 1;end;

if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if (&contrast = 1) then;do;

if (prt = 1) then;do;

print "*****************************************************";

print "Indirect Effect Contrast Definitions: IndEff_1 minus IndEff2";

kk=1;

prwsv = j(((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),2,"XXXXXXXX");

do ic = 1 to (nv-nc-3);

do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-2);

prwsv[kk,1]=nm[ic+2,1];

prwsv[kk,2]=nm[ic2+2,1];

kk=kk+1;

end;

prwsv = cnam2||prwsv;

cn = {"Contrast" "IndEff_1" "IndEff_2"};

print prwsv [colname = cn];

end;end;end;

quit;

%mend;

/* Macro ends*/;

/*Call macro into data set*/;

data test;

seed=-1;

do i = 1 to 100;

Y=10+(.5)*rannor(1);

X=2+(0.3)*rannor(1);

/*** These are the mediators *****/;

M1=1+(0.3)*rannor(1);

M2=3+(0.4)*rannor(1);

M2=5+(0.8)*rannor(1);

M4=0+(.9)*rannor(1);

/***** These are the covariates *******/;

gender=ranbin(0,1,.5);

age=60+(5)*rannor(1);

edu=12+(1)*rannor(1);

output;

end;

run;

/*So i want to call the macro indirect and fit this model, can any one help with the last step*/

%INDIRECT [DATA = test, Y = yvar, X = xvar, M = mvlist {covlist..}] /* Note M=Mvlist are M1, M2, M3 and M4 and covlist are age gender and edu */

{,C = {cov}(0**)}

{,BOOT = {z}(1000**)}

{,CONF = {ci}(95**)}

{,NORMAL = {t}(0**)}

{,CONTRAST = {n}(0**)}

{,PERCENT = {p}(0**)}

{,BC = {b}(1**)}

{,BCA = {d}(0)};

Re: Calling a macro and running analysis

ballardw — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 20:47:22 GMT

You need to provide exactly what your macro invocation looks like.

My first feeling is that you're having issues with {} or () but it's hard to tell. I would expect to see

%INDIRECT [DATA = test, Y = yvar, X = xvar, M = M1 M2 M3 M4];

Re: Calling a macro and running analysis

desireatem — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 20:56:59 GMT

There is an issue with data test, how it is called,any correction;

NOTE: Unable to open SASUSER.REGSTRY. WORK.REGSTRY will be opened instead.

NOTE: All registry changes will be lost at the end of the session.

WARNING: Unable to copy SASUSER registry to WORK registry. Because of this,

WARNING: you will not see registry customizations during this session.

NOTE: Unable to open SASUSER.PROFILE. WORK.PROFILE will be opened instead.

NOTE: All profile changes will be lost at the end of the session.

NOTE: This SAS session is using a registry in WORK. All changes will be lost at the end of this

NOTE: session.

NOTE: Unable to open SASUSER.PROFILE. WORK.PROFILE will be opened instead.

NOTE: All profile changes will be lost at the end of the session.

1 %macro indirect(data=,y=,x=,m=,c=0,boot=1000,conf=95,percent=0,bc=1,bca=0,

1 ! normal=0,contrast=0);

2 proc iml;

3 use &data;

4 read all var{&y &x &m} into dd;

5 nm={&y &x &m};

6 xx=(dd = .);xx=xx[,+];

7 j=1;do i = 1 to nrow(dd);if xx[i,1]=0 then;do;dd[j,]=dd[i,];j=j+1;end;end;

8 dd=dd[1:j-1,];

9 nm = nm`;

10 n = nrow(dd);

11 nv = ncol(dd);

12 nc = &c;

13 con=j(n,1,1);

14 dt2 = dd;

15 dt = dd;

16 resid = j(n,(nv-nc),0);

17 info = j((2*(nv-nc-2)+1),(2*(nv-nc-2)+1),0);

18 imat = j(ncol(info),4,1);

19 imat[1:(nv-nc-2),1]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

20 imat[1:(nv-nc-2),3]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

21 imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),2]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

22 imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),4]=(2:(nv-nc-1))`;

23 imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),1]=j((nv-nc-2),1,(nv-nc));

24 imat[(nv-nc-1):(ncol(info)-1),3]=j((nv-nc-2),1,(nv-nc));

25 imat[ncol(info),1:4]={1 1 1 1};

26 imat[ncol(info),1]=nv-nc;

27 imat[ncol(info),3]=nv-nc;

28 bzx = j(nv-2-nc,1,0);

29 bzxse = j(nv-2-nc,1,0);

30 b=j((nv-1-nc),(nv-1-nc),0);

31 cname={"C1", "C2", "C3", "C4", "C5", "C6", "C7", "C8", "C9", "C10", "C11", "C12", "C13",

31 ! "C14", "C15", "C16"};

32 cname=cname//{"C17", "C18", "C19", "C20", "C21", "C22", "C23", "C24", "C25", "C26", "C27",

32 ! "C28", "C29"};

33 cname=cname//{"C30", "C31", "C32", "C33", "C34", "C35", "C36", "C37", "C38", "C39", "C40",

33 ! "C41", "C42"};

34 cname=cname//{"C43", "C44", "C45"};

35 p0 = -0.322232431088;

36 p1 = -1;

37 p2 = -0.342242088547;

38 p3 = -0.0204231210245;

39 p4 = -.0000453642210148;

40 q0 = 0.0993484626060;

41 q1 = 0.588581570495;

42 q2 = 0.531103462366;

43 q3 = 0.103537752850;

44 q4 = 0.0038560700634;

45 conf=round(&conf);

46 lowalp = 0.5*(1-(conf/100));

47 upalp = 0.5*(1+(conf/100));

48 zbca = lowalp//upalp;

49 btn = 1;

50 if (&boot > 999) then;

51 do;

52 btn = floor(&boot/1000)*1000;

53 end;

54 blowp = floor(lowalp*btn);

55 if (blowp < 1) then;

56 do;

57 blowp = 1;

58 end;

59 bhighp = floor((upalp*btn)+1);

60 if (bhighp > btn) then;

61 do;

62 bhighp = btn;

63 end;

64 indeff = j((n+1+btn),(nv-1-nc),0);

65 do d = 1 to (n+1+btn);

66 if (d = (n+2)) then;

67 do;

68 dt = dt2;

69 con = j(n,1,1);

70 end;

71 if (d > 1) then if (d < (n+2)) then;

72 do;

73 if (d = 2) then;

74 do;

75 con = j((n-1),1,1);

76 dt = dt2[2:n,];

77 end;

78 if (d = (n+1)) then;

79 do;

80 dt = dt2[1:(n-1),];

81 end;

82 if (d > 2) then if (d < (n+1)) then;

83 do;

84 dt = dt2[1:(d-2),]//dt2[(d:n),];

85 end;

86 end;

87 if (d > (n+1)) then;

88 do;

89 do nn = 1 to n;

90 v = int(ranuni(0)*n)+1;

91 dt[nn,1:nv]=dt2[v,1:nv];

92 end;

93 end;

96 x = dt[,2];

97 m = dt[,3:(nv-nc)];

98 y = dt[,1];

99 xz = dt[,2:nv];

100 xo = con||x;

101 if (nc > 0) then;

102 do;

103 c = dt[,(nv-nc+1):nv];

104 xo = xo||c;

105 end;

106 do k = 3 to (nv-nc);

107 ytmp = dt[,k];

108 bzxt = inv(xo`*xo)*xo`*ytmp;

109 bzx[(k-2),1]=bzxt[2,1];

110 if (d = 1) then;

111 do;

112 resid[,(k-1)]=ytmp-(xo*bzxt);

113 mse = sum((ytmp-(xo*bzxt))##2)/(n-2-nc);

114 olscm = (mse*inv(xo`*xo));

115 bzxse[(k-2),1]=sqrt(olscm[2,2]);

116 end;

117 end;

118 if (d = 1) then;

119 do;

120 if (nc > 0) then;

121 do;

122 cnt = dd[,(nv-(nc-1)):nv];

123 xo = con||x||cnt;

124 end;

125 if (nc = 0) then;

126 do;

127 xo = con||x;

128 end;

129 byx = inv(xo`*xo)*xo`*y;

130 mse = sum((y-(xo*byx))##2)/(n-2-nc);

131 olscm = (mse*inv(xo`*xo));

132 byxse = sqrt(olscm[2,2]);

133 byx = byx[2,1];

134 end;

135 xzo = con||xz;

136 byzx = inv(xzo`*xzo)*xzo`*y;

137 byzx2 = byzx[3:(nv-nc),1];

138 if (d = 1) then;

139 do;

140 resid[,ncol(resid)]=y-(xzo*byzx);

141 mse = sum((y-(xzo*byzx))##2)/(n-nv);

142 covmat = mse*inv(xzo`*xzo);

143 olscm = vecdiag(covmat);

144 sse = mse*(n-nv);

145 sst = sum((y-(sum(y)/n))##2);

146 r2 = 1-(sse/sst);

147 ar2 = 1-(mse/(sst/(n-1)));

148 fr = ((n-nv)*r2)/((1-r2)*ncol(xz));

149 pfr = 1-probf(fr,ncol(xz),(n-nv));

150 if (nc > 0) then;

151 do;

152 bcon = byzx[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

153 bconse = sqrt(olscm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1]);

154 end;

155 byzx2se = sqrt(olscm[3:(nv-nc),1]);

156 cprime = byzx[2,1];

157 cprimese=sqrt(olscm[2,1]);

158 end;

159 indeff2 = (bzx#byzx2);

160 zs = (bzx/bzxse)#(byzx2/byzx2se);

161 temp = t(sum(indeff2)//indeff2);

162 indeff[d,]=temp;

163 if (d = 1) then;

164 do;

165 vs = nm[1:(nv-nc),1];

166 rn = {"DV = " "IV = " "MEDS = "};

167 print "Dependent, Independent, and Proposed Mediator Variables";

168 print vs [rowname = rn];

169 if (nc > 0) then;

170 do;

171 vs = nm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

172 print "Statistical Controls";

173 rn = {"CONTROLS="};

174 print vs [rowname = rn];

175 end;

176 print "Sample size";

177 print n;

178 nms = nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

179 te = bzx/bzxse;

180 df = n-2-nc;

181 p = 2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

182 bzxmat = bzx||bzxse||te||p;

183 b[2:(nv-1-nc),1]=bzx;

184 se2 = bzxse#bzxse;

185 cnm = {"Coeff" "se" "t" "p"};

186 print "IV to Mediators (a paths)";

187 print bzxmat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

188 te = byzx2/byzx2se;

189 df = n-nv;

190 p = 2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

191 byzx2mat=byzx2||byzx2se||te||p;

192 print "Direct Effects of Mediators on DV (b paths)";

193 print byzx2mat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

194 te=byx/byxse;

195 df = n-2-nc;

196 p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

197 byxmat = byx||byxse||te||p;

198 xnm=nm[2,1];

199 print "Total effect of IV on DV (c path)";

200 print byxmat [rowname = xnm colname = cnm format = 9.4];

201 te=cprime/cprimese;

202 df = n-nv;

203 p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

204 cprimmat = cprime||cprimese||te||p;

205 print "Direct Effect of IV on DV (c' path)";

206 print cprimmat [rowname = xnm colname = cnm format = 9.4];

207 if (nc > 0) then;

208 do;

209 df = n-nv;

210 nms = nm[(nv-nc+1):nv,1];

211 te=bcon/bconse;

212 p=2*(1-probt(abs(te),df));

213 bconmat = bcon||bconse||te||p;

214 print "Partial Effect of Control Variables on DV";

215 print bconmat [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

216 end;

217 dvms=r2||ar2||fr||ncol(xz)||(n-nv)||pfr;

218 print "Fit Statistics for DV Model";

219 cnm = {"R-sq" "adj R-sq" "F" "df1" "df2" "p"};

220 print dvms [colname = cnm format = 9.4];

221 if (&normal =^ 0) then;if(&c = 0) then;do;

222 do;

223 bmat=j((nv-nc),(nv-nc),0);

224 bmat[2:(nv-nc-1),1]=bzx;

225 bmat[(nv-nc),2:(nv-nc-1)]=byzx2`;

226 bmat[(nv-nc),1]=cprime;

227 imbinv = inv(i(ncol(bmat))-bmat);

228 imbtinv = inv(i(ncol(bmat))-bmat`);

229 resid[,1]=x-(x[+]/n);

230 psi = (resid`*resid)/(n-1);

231 invpsi = inv(psi);

232 ibpsiib = imbinv*psi*imbtinv;

233 do ic = 1 to ncol(info);

234 do ic2 = 1 to ncol(info);

235 info[ic,ic2]=(n-1)*((imbinv[imat[ic2,4],imat[ic,1]]*imbinv[imat[ic,2],imat[ic2,3]])+(ibpsii

235! b[imat[ic2,4],imat[ic,2]]*invpsi[imat[ic,1],imat[ic2,3]]));

236 end;

237 end;

238 varcov=inv(info);

239 varcov=varcov[1:(2*(nv-nc-2)),1:(2*(nv-nc-2))];

240 ses = vecdiag(varcov);

241 avar = ses[1:nrow(bzxse),1];

242 bvar = ses[(nrow(bzxse)+1):nrow(ses),1];

243 if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if(&contrast = 1) then;do;

244 prws=j(((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),1,0);

245 prwse=prws;

246 kk=1;

247 do ic = 1 to (nv-nc-3);

248 do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-2);

249 vf2=((byzx2[ic,1]##2)*varcov[ic,ic])-(2*byzx2[ic,1]*byzx2[ic2,1]*(varcov[ic,ic2]));

250 vf2=vf2+((byzx2[ic2,1]##2)*varcov[ic2,ic2])+((bzx[ic,1]##2)*(bvar[ic,1]));

251 vf2=vf2-(2*bzx[ic,1]*bzx[ic2,1]*covmat[(2+ic),(2+ic2)])+((bzx[ic2,1]##2)*(bvar[ic2,1]));

252 cnt=indeff2[ic,1]-indeff2[ic2,1];

253 prws[kk,1]=cnt;

254 prwse[kk,1]=sqrt(vf2);

255 kk=kk+1;

256 end;

257 end;

258 cnam2=cname[1:(kk-1),1];

259 end;end;

260 dermat=byzx2//bzx;

261 totse=sqrt((dermat)`*varcov*dermat);

262 specse = sqrt((byzx2#byzx2)#(avar)+(bzx#bzx)#(bvar));

263 specse = totse//specse;

264 indsum=indeff2[+];

265 specz = (indsum//indeff2)/specse;

266 ind22 = indsum//indeff2;

267 nms = {"TOTAL"}//nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

268 if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if(&contrast = 1) then;do;

269 ind22 = ind22//prws;

270 specse = specse//prwse;

271 specz2 = prws/prwse;

272 specz = specz//specz2;

273 nms = nms//cnam2;

274 end;end;

275 pspec = 2*(1-probnorm(abs(specz)));

276 spec = ind22||specse||specz||pspec;

277 cnm = {"Effect" "se" "Z" "p"};

278 print "*****************************************************";

279 print "NORMAL THEORY TESTS FOR INDIRECT EFFECTS";

280 print "Indirect Effects of IV on DV through Mediators (ab paths)";

281 print spec [rowname = nms colname = cnm format = 9.4];

282 end;end;

283 end;

284 end;

285 if (btn > 1) then;do;

286 nms = {"TOTAL"}//nm[3:(nv-nc),1];

287 if (nv-nc-2) > 1 then do;if (&contrast = 1) then do;

288 crst=j((n+1+btn),((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),0);

289 kk=1;

290 do ic = 2 to (nv-nc-2);

291 do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-1);

292 crst[,kk]=indeff[,ic]-indeff[,ic2];

293 kk=kk+1;

294 end;

295 end;

296 indeff = indeff||crst;

297 cnam2=cname[1:(kk-1),1];

298 nms = nms//cnam2;

299 end;

300 end;

301 lvout = indeff[2:(n+1),];

302 tdotm = lvout[+,]/n;

303 tm = j(n,ncol(lvout),1)*diag(tdotm);

304 topa=(((n-1)/n)*(tm-lvout))##3;

305 topa=topa[+,];

306 bota =((((n-1)/n)*(tm-lvout))##2);

307 bota=bota[+,];

308 bota=6*sqrt(bota##3);

309 ahat = topa/bota;

310 indsam = indeff[1,]`;

311 boot = indeff[(n+2):nrow(indeff),];

312 mnboot = (boot[+,]/btn)`;

313 xt=boot-j(btn,1)*boot[:,];

314 cv=(xt`*xt)/btn;

315 se=sqrt(vecdiag(cv));

316

317

318 create bootstp from boot [colname='indirect'];

319 append from boot;

320 nnn = j(1,ncol(indeff),-999);

321 boot = nnn//boot;

322 do e = 1 to (ncol(indeff));

323 do i = 2 to (btn+1);

324 ix = boot[i,e];

325 do k = i to 2 by -1;

326 k2 = k;

327 if (boot[(k-1),e] > ix) then;

328 do;

329 boot[k,e]=boot[(k-1),e];

330 end;

331 else;

332 if (boot[(k-1),e] <= ix) then;

333 do;

334 goto stpit;

335 end;

336 end;

337 stpit:

338 boot[k2,e]=ix;

339 end;

340 end;

341 boot = boot[2:(btn+1),];

342

343

344 xp=j((nrow(mnboot)+2),1,0);

345 do i = 1 to (nrow(mnboot)+2);

346 if (i <= nrow(mnboot)) then;

347 do;

348 pv = (boot[,i] < indsam[i,1]);

349 pv = pv[+,]/btn;

350 end;

351 else;

352 pv = zbca[(i-nrow(mnboot)),1];

353 p=pv;

354 if (pv > 0.5) then;

355 do;

356 p = 1-pv;

357 end;

358 y5 = sqrt(-2*log(p));

359 xp[i,1]=y5+((((y5*p4+p3)*y5+p2)*y5+p1)*y5+p0)/((((y5*q4+q3)*y5+q2)*y5+q1)*y5+q0);

360 if (pv <= 0.5) then;

361 do;

362 xp[i,1]=-xp[i,1];

363 end;

364 end;

365 bbb = nrow(mnboot);

366 zz = xp[1:bbb,1];

367 zlo = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])));

368 zup = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])));

369 ahat = 0;

370 zlobc = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+1),1])));

371 zupbc = zz + ((zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])/(1-ahat`#(zz+xp[(bbb+2),1])));

372 zlo = probnorm(zlo);

373 zup = probnorm(zup);

374 zlobc = probnorm(zlobc);

375 zupbc = probnorm(zupbc);

376 blow = int(zlo*(btn+1));

377 bhigh = int(zup*(btn+1))+1;

378 blowbc = int(zlobc*(btn+1));

379 bhighbc = int(zupbc*(btn+1))+1;

380 lowbca = j(nrow(blow),1,0);

381 upbca = lowbca;

382 do i = 1 to nrow(blow);

383 if (blow[i,1] < 1) then;

384 do;

385 blow[i,1]=1;

386 end;

387 lowbca[i,1]=boot[blow[i,1],i];

388 if (bhigh[i,1] > btn) then;

389 do;

390 bhigh[i,1]=btn;

391 end;

392 upbca[i,1]=boot[bhigh[i,1],i];

393 end;

394 lowbc = j(nrow(blow),1,0);

395 upbc = lowbca;

396 do i = 1 to nrow(blowbc);

397 if (blowbc[i,1] < 1) then;

398 do;

399 blowbc[i,1]=1;

400 end;

401 lowbc[i,1]=boot[blowbc[i,1],i];

402 if (bhighbc[i,1] > btn) then;

403 do;

404 bhighbc[i,1]=btn;

405 end;

406 upbc[i,1]=boot[bhighbc[i,1],i];

407 end;

408 print "*****************************************************";

409 print "BOOTSTRAP RESULTS FOR INDIRECT EFFECTS";

410 res = indsam||mnboot||(mnboot-indsam)||se;

411 cn = {"Data" "Boot" "Bias" "SE"};

412 print "Indirect Effects of IV on DV through Mediators (ab paths)";

413 print res [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

414 lowperc = boot[blowp,];

415 upperc = boot[bhighp,];

416 ci = lowbca||upbca;

417 cn = {"Lower" "Upper"};

418 if (&bca ^= 0) then;

419 do;

420 print "Bias Corrected and Accelerated Confidence Intervals";

421 print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

422 end;

423 if (&bc ^= 0) then;

424 do;

425 ci = lowbc||upbc;

426 print "Bias Corrected Confidence Intervals";

427 print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

428 end;

429 if (&percent ^= 0) then;

430 do;

431 ci = lowperc`||upperc`;

432 print "Percentile Confidence Intervals";

433 print ci [rowname = nms colname = cn format = 9.4];

434 end;

435 print "*****************************************************";

436 print "Level of Confidence for Confidence Intervals";

437 print conf;

438 print "Number of Bootstrap Resamples";

439 print btn;

440 end;

441 if (&normal = 1) then;do;if (&c = 0) then;do;prt =1;end;end;

442 if (btn > 999) then;do;prt = 1;end;

443 if ((nv-nc-2) > 1) then;do;if (&contrast = 1) then;do;

444 if (prt = 1) then;do;

445 print "*****************************************************";

446 print "Indirect Effect Contrast Definitions: IndEff_1 minus IndEff2";

447 kk=1;

448 prwsv = j(((nv-nc-2)*(nv-nc-3)/2),2,"XXXXXXXX");

449 do ic = 1 to (nv-nc-3);

450 do ic2 = (ic+1) to (nv-nc-2);

451 prwsv[kk,1]=nm[ic+2,1];

452 prwsv[kk,2]=nm[ic2+2,1];

453 kk=kk+1;

454 end;

455 end;

456 prwsv = cnam2||prwsv;

457 cn = {"Contrast" "IndEff_1" "IndEff_2"};

458 print prwsv [colname = cn];

459 end;end;end;

460 quit;

461 %mend;

462

463

464 /* Macro ends*/;

465 /*Call macro into data set*/;

466

467

468 data test;

469 seed=-1;

470 do i = 1 to 100;

471 Y=10+(.5)*rannor(1);

472 X=2+(0.3)*rannor(1);

473 /*** These are the mediators *****/;

474 M1=1+(0.3)*rannor(1);

475 M2=3+(0.4)*rannor(1);

476 M2=5+(0.8)*rannor(1);

477 M4=0+(.9)*rannor(1);

478 /***** These are the covariates *******/;

479 gender=ranbin(0,1,.5);

480 age=60+(5)*rannor(1);

481 edu=12+(1)*rannor(1);

482 output;

483 end;

484 run;

NOTE: The data set WORK.TEST has 100 observations and 10 variables.

NOTE: DATA statement used (Total process time):

real time 0.02 seconds

cpu time 0.01 seconds

485

486

487 /*So i want to call the macro indirect and fit this model, can any one help with the last

487! step*/

488 %INDIRECT [DATA = test, Y = yvar, X = xvar, M = M1 M2 M3 M4{gender age edu}]; /* Note

488! M=Mvlist are M1, M2, M3 and M4 and covlist are age gender and edu */

NOTE: Writing HTML Body file: sashtml.htm

NOTE: IML Ready

NOTE: Line generated by the invoked macro "INDIRECT".

1 use &data;

ERROR 22-322: Expecting a name.

ERROR 76-322: Syntax error, statement will be ignored.

.......

......

489 {,C = {cov}(0**)}

490 {,BOOT = {z}(1000**)}

491 {,CONF = {ci}(95**)}

492 {,NORMAL = {t}(0**)}

493 {,CONTRAST = {n}(0**)}

494 {,PERCENT = {p}(0**)}

495 {,BC = {b}(1**)}

496 {,BCA = {d}(0)};

Re: Calling a macro and running analysis

desireatem — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 21:13:27 GMT

ERROR

982

983 /*So i want to call the macro indirect and fit this model, can any one help with the last

983! step*/

984 %INDIRECT [DATA = test, Y = y, X = x, M = M1 M2 M3 M4{gender age edu}]; /* Note M=Mvlist

984! are M1, M2, M3 and M4 and covlist are age gender and edu */

NOTE: IML Ready

NOTE: Line generated by the invoked macro "INDIRECT".

1 use &data;

ERROR 22-322: Expecting a name.

Re: Calling a macro and running analysis

ballardw — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 22:28:12 GMT

I'm not sure about the &dat issue but if you are calling the macro with this syntax:

%INDIRECT [DATA = test, Y = y, X = x, M = M1 M2 M3 M4{gender age edu}];

I think you are having issues because the macro parameter M resolves to: M1 M2 M3 M4{gender age edu}

In the READ statement that generates a nested set of { {} } and I think the compiler doesn't like that construct.

Run this code snipped and see if you get errors pointing to the second { in read statement.

proc iml;

use sashelp.class;

read all var {sex age {height weight}};

run;

Did you ever run this without macro variables?

Re: Calling a macro and running analysis

desireatem — Wed, 04 Feb 2015 22:45:17 GMT

993 proc iml;

NOTE: IML Ready

994 use sashelp.class;

995 read all var {sex age {height weight}};

- -

22 200

200

ERROR 22-322: Syntax error, expecting one of the following: a name, a quoted string,

a numeric constant, a datetime constant, a missing value, (, (|, ), *, ',', -, =, [,

|, }.

ERROR 200-322: The symbol is not recognized and will be ignored.

995! read all var {sex age {height weight}};