topic Re: Industry dummy errors in SAS Programming

Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Thu, 10 Sep 2020 21:35:37 GMT

Dear Madam/Sir,

With the help of this community, I have created industry dummies using the following program and obtain the following variables.

data want;
set have;
length dummy_sic2 $ 10;
dummy_sic2=cats('ind#',put(sic2,z2.));
run;

dummy_sic2 Frequency Percent CumulativeFrequency CumulativePercentind#01ind#02ind#07ind#08ind#09ind#10

211	0.26	211	0.26
49	0.06	260	0.33
61	0.08	321	0.40
30	0.04	351	0.44
3	0.00	354	0.44
971	1.22	1325	1.66

However, I have the following error message in the regressions.

ERROR: Variable dummy_sic2 should be either numeric or specified in the CLASS statement.

It will be highly appreciative if you can advise how to convert 'dummy_sic2' into numeric data or other data form that can be included as industry dummies in the regressions.

Thank you

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

ballardw — Thu, 10 Sep 2020 22:17:42 GMT

You don't show what regression you ran. Likely the approach would be to add:

Class dummy_sic2;

to the regression code.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Thu, 10 Sep 2020 23:57:59 GMT

Thanks for your quick reply, ballardw.

The original error message is as follows:

proc surveyreg data=m20;
cluster gvkey;
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure
1704! y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2; run;
ERROR: Variable dummy_sic2 should be either numeric or specified in the CLASS statement.
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.

ERROR: No MODEL statement.
NOTE: The SAS System stopped processing this step because of errors.

The use of "class" in the regression statement has the following error message:

proc surveyreg data=m20;
cluster gvkey;
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure
y2000-y2016 Class dummy_sic2; run;
ERROR: Variable Class not found.
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.

ERROR: No MODEL statement.
NOTE: The SAS System stopped processing this step because of errors.
NOTE: PROCEDURE SURVEYREG used (Total process time):
real time 0.00 seconds
cpu time 0.03 seconds

Any help will be highly appreciated.

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

mkeintz — Fri, 11 Sep 2020 00:57:34 GMT

Look carefully at @ballardw 's suggestion. It is a class STATEMENT (note the trailing semi-colon), not a suggestion to insert the word "class" into the model statement. Use the original model statement, and add a separate

class dummy_sic2;

statement.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Fri, 11 Sep 2020 02:24:41 GMT

Thanks, mkeinz, for your reply.

Unfortunately, the sas output does not provide t-table. Is there any way to generate dummy variables that is can be included in the regressions like numerical variables (ind#1-ind#99). Thank you.

The SAS System

The SURVEYREG Procedure

Regression Analysis for Dependent Variable ln_audit

Data SummaryNumber of ObservationsMean of ln_auditSum of ln_audit

48299

13.29416

642094.6

Design SummaryNumber of Clusters

7158

Fit StatisticsR-SquareRoot MSEDenominator DF

0.8724

0.5177

7157

Class Level InformationCLASS Variable Levels Valuesdummy_sic2

ind#01 ind#02 ind#07 ind#08 ind#09 ind#10 ind#12 ind#13 ind#14 ind#15 ind#16 ind#17 ind#20 ind#21 ind#22 ind#23 ind#24 ind#25 ind#26 ind#27 ind#28 ind#29 ind#30 ind#31 ind#32 ind#33 ind#34 ind#35 ind#36 ind#37 ind#38 ind#39 ind#40 ind#41 ind#42 ind#44 ind#45 ind#46 ind#47 ind#48 ind#49 ind#50 ind#51 ind#52 ind#53 ind#54 ind#55 ind#56 ind#57 ind#58 ind#59 ind#70 ind#72 ind#73 ind#75 ind#76 ind#78 ind#79 ind#80 ind#81 ind#82 ind#83 ind#86 ind#87 ind#99

Tests of Model EffectsEffect Num DF F Value Pr > FModelInterceptsdd1sstmatleveragesodebtcspecln_nonauditicwrestatementgcauchangemergerfinancingyearendln_atmbbig4roalossfsaleproSQ_SEGSar_inspecial_itemln_tenurey2000y2001y2002y2003y2004y2005y2006y2007y2008y2009y2010y2011y2012y2013y2014y2015y2016dummy_sic2

102	1033.40	<.0001
1	60235.1	<.0001
1	15.52	<.0001
1	0.85	0.3564
1	0.90	0.3416
1	258.63	<.0001
1	114.00	<.0001
1	73.67	<.0001
1	236.22	<.0001
1	0.18	0.6740
1	1.48	0.2241
1	48.07	<.0001
1	35.20	<.0001
1	14.74	0.0001
1	48.24	<.0001
1	9807.22	<.0001
1	15.13	0.0001
1	628.61	<.0001
1	189.43	<.0001
1	93.19	<.0001
1	248.66	<.0001
1	63.28	<.0001
1	82.64	<.0001
1	206.21	<.0001
1	5.64	0.0175
1	3986.35	<.0001
1	4753.36	<.0001
1	3347.22	<.0001
1	2281.84	<.0001
1	437.59	<.0001
1	66.90	<.0001
1	13.05	0.0003
1	7.40	0.0065
1	22.20	<.0001
1	69.08	<.0001
1	282.74	<.0001
1	391.22	<.0001
1	394.23	<.0001
1	290.01	<.0001
1	241.96	<.0001
1	183.78	<.0001
1	99.10	<.0001
64	35.94	<.0001

Note:

The denominator degrees of freedom for the F tests is 7157.

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Fri, 11 Sep 2020 11:49:14 GMT

Unfortunately, the sas output does not provide t-table.

I think you want to add the /SOLUTION option to your MODEL statement.

(If that does help, show us your code)

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 00:03:45 GMT

Thank you so much for Paigemiller. Your code worked well. However, this approach does not work in OLS (proc reg). Your help will be highly appreciated.

proc reg data=m20;
class dummy_sic2;
-----
180
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.
ERROR 180-322: Statement is not valid or it is used out of proper order.
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend /*abaccrual*/ ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure
y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2 /vif; run;

ERROR: Variable dummy_sic2 in list does not match type prescribed for this list.
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.

WARNING: RUN statement ignored due to previous errors. Submit QUIT; to terminate the procedure.
NOTE: PROCEDURE REG used (Total process time):
real time 0.00 seconds
cpu time 0.01 seconds

NOTE: The SAS System stopped processing this step because of errors.

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 00:44:56 GMT

Yes, it doesn't work in PROC REG, there is no CLASS statement. You need to use PROC SURVEYREG (as you were in your earlier message) or you can use PROC GLM instead of PROC REG (for regression problems, REG and GLM are both applicable but GLM allows a class statement while REG does not).

When you change PROCs in the middle of a thread, the previous advice may not apply.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 11:57:49 GMT

Thank you so much for your help, PaigeMiller. I have one more question. Is there way to show adjusted R-square and variation inflation factor (/vif option in proc reg) in Surveyreg procedure or GLM procedure?

Thank you!

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 12:39:44 GMT

PROC SURVEYREG has an ADJRSQ option.

You can run the continuous variables with fake Y values through PROC REG if you really want the VIF values.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 14:33:30 GMT

Thank you so much for your quick reply, PaigeMiller. Is there any way to include dummy_sic2 in the proc reg procedure to have VIF?

proc reg data=m20;
NOTE: Writing HTML Body file: sashtml1.htm
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2 /vif; run;
ERROR: Variable dummy_sic2 in list does not match type prescribed for this list.
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.

WARNING: No variables specified for an SSCP matrix. Execution terminating.
NOTE: PROCEDURE REG used (Total process time):
real time 0.52 seconds
cpu time 0.17 seconds

Thank you

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 16:51:45 GMT

There's no way to get VIF on categorical variables in PROC REG, unless you create the dummy variables somehow and run that through PROC REG.

If you asbolutely have to do the work to create dummy variables, the easiest way to do this is to use PROC GLMMOD with a CLASS statement to obtain the dummy variables for the class variable, and also all the continuous variables, into a SAS data set which can then be run through PROC REG to get the VIFs. Example: https://documentation.sas.com/?docsetId=statug&docsetTarget=statug_glmmod_examples02.htm&docsetVersion=14.3&locale=en

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 18:50:17 GMT

Thanks for your information, PaigeMiller.

I run glm procedure and make sas dataset "m21" using output statement below (output out=m21), but dummy variables are not created in the dataset "m21". I have an error message in the proc reg procedure. It will be grateful if you can advise how to save dummy variables in a SAS dataset and run proc reg.

proc glm data=m20;
class dummy_sic2;
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure
297! y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2/solution;
output out=m21;
run;

NOTE: The data set WORK.M21 has 46854 observations and 240 variables.
NOTE: PROCEDURE GLM used (Total process time):
real time 17.47 seconds
cpu time 2.50 seconds

proc reg data=m21;
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange
merger financing yearend ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure
y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2 /vif; run;
ERROR: Variable dummy_sic2 in list does not match type prescribed for this list.
NOTE: The previous statement has been deleted.

WARNING: No variables specified for an SSCP matrix. Execution terminating.
NOTE: PROCEDURE REG used (Total process time):
real time 0.03 seconds
cpu time 0.01 seconds

Thanks

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sat, 12 Sep 2020 20:27:47 GMT

Please read carefully. I said PROC GLMMOD.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sun, 13 Sep 2020 02:28:41 GMT

Thanks for your kind reply, PaigeMiller.

How can I create the sas file that contains industry dummies?

"output out=m21" does not work in GLMMOD procedure.

Thanks

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sun, 13 Sep 2020 08:32:51 GMT

I gave a link to an example using PROC GLMMOD which produces the desired output data set.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Sun, 13 Sep 2020 19:16:23 GMT

Thanks for your kind reply. However, proc glmmod procedure stops the SAS program several times. Is there any easy way to convert the character variable below to dummy variables in the current sas dataset? Thanks.

dummy_sic2 Frequency Percent CumulativeFrequency CumulativePercentind#01ind#02ind#07ind#08

16	0.11	16	0.11
2	0.01	18	0.13
1	0.01	19	0.14
2	0.01	21	0.15

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Sun, 13 Sep 2020 20:21:05 GMT

The easiest way is PROC GLM MOD. Show us the ENTIRE log for the PROC GLM MOD step.

Re: Industry dummy errors

joon1 — Mon, 14 Sep 2020 02:35:37 GMT

When I run the following program, the whole SAS program stops without saving.
ods output out=m21;
proc glmmod data=m20;
model ln_audit = sdd1 sstmat leverage sodebt cspec ln_nonaudit icw restatement gc auchange merger financing yearend
ln_at mb big4 roa loss fsalepro sq_segs ar_in special_item ln_tenure y2000-y2016 dummy_sic2; run;

Thanks

Joon1

Re: Industry dummy errors

PaigeMiller — Mon, 14 Sep 2020 10:52:24 GMT

I don't see this command (copied exactly from the example)

ods output DesignPoints = DesignMatrix;

Also, from now on, we request that when you need to show us the code you are using, please click on the "little running man" icon and paste your code into the window that appears.