topic Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks in SAS Programming

Why the result useing the catx have blanks

HannaZhang — Thu, 23 May 2019 04:12:14 GMT

HI,all

the question is “Why I use the catx function couldn not get the results as use the symbol "||" which is without blank between two variables"

THANKS.

/*the variable "aestart" is uesd code as follows:*/

if ^missing(aestdat) then do
aestart=put(aestdat,yymmdd10.)||"T"||aesttim;

/*the variable "aa" by using the catx function:*/

aa=catx("",aestart1,"T",aesttim);

the results as follow

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

Reeza — Thu, 23 May 2019 04:23:22 GMT

The CATX function first copies item-1 to the result, omitting leading and trailing blanks. Next, for each subsequent argument item-i, i=2, …, n, if item-i contains at least one non-blank character, CATX appends delimiter and item-i to the result, omitting leading and trailing blanks from item-i. CATX does not insert the delimiter at the beginning or end of the result. Blank items do not produce delimiters at the beginning or end of the result, nor do blank items produce multiple consecutive delimiters.

Does that clarify it for you?

I think you've used CATX incorrectly though.

The delimiter is supposed to be the FIRST parameter, not the third. I think you want:

aa = catx("T", aestart1, aesttim);

or alternatively use the CATT function:

aa = catt(aestart1, "T", aesttim);

@HannaZhang wrote:

HI,all

the question is “Why I use the catx function couldn not get the results as use the symbol "||" which is without blank between two variables"

THANKS.

/*the variable "aestart" is uesd code as follows:*/

if ^missing(aestdat) then do
aestart=put(aestdat,yymmdd10.)||"T"||aesttim;

/*the variable "aa" by using the catx function:*/

aa=catx("",aestart1,"T",aesttim);

the results as follow

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

ScottBass — Thu, 23 May 2019 04:25:52 GMT

Convert your separate date and time into a datetime column, then use the appropriate format, instead of trying to roll your own:

data have;
   date=date();
   time=time();
   format date date. time time.;
run;

data want;
   set have;
   datetime=dhms(date,0,0,time);
   datetime2=datetime;
   format datetime datetime.;
   format datetime2 e8601dt.;
run;

If you REALLY want to do what you're trying: 1) read the doc on the CATX function, and 2) use the CATS function instead, or 3) use CATX("T",date,time).

But IMO you should store dates as dates, times as times, and datetimes as datetimes, instead of character string representations of your data.

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

Reeza — Thu, 23 May 2019 04:32:51 GMT

And... @ScottBass is correct, you should be storing your date time as a SAS date time variable not as a character variable.

I would recommend the following code instead:

aa =dhms(input(
                substr(aestart1, 1, 10), yymmdd10.)
                ), 
         0, 
         0, 
         input(
               coalesce(aesttim, 0), time.)
               )
         );

format aa datetime20.;

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

HannaZhang — Thu, 23 May 2019 05:34:41 GMT

Hi,ScottBass,
Thanks for your solution to my question ,It really helped me solve the problem.By the way, thanks for your suggestion to my post.

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

Kurt_Bremser — Thu, 23 May 2019 05:38:09 GMT

You've stumbled across a peculiarity of SAS when it comes to "empty" strings. Missing character variables are padded with strings, and SAS inserts single blanks as delimiters (eg when you put variables with the put statement) if no other delimiter is explicitly specified.

In your case, by using an empty string as the first parameter in catx, you have made SAS insert single blanks.

You should have used either

aa = catx("T",aestart1,aesttim);

aa = cats(aestart1,"T",aesttim);

to avoid these blanks.

The really correct method is, of course, to use SAS date and time values and the formats that SAS provides for such values, as is done in the accepted solution.

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

HannaZhang — Thu, 23 May 2019 05:51:19 GMT

thanks

Re: Why the result useing the catx have blanks

HannaZhang — Thu, 23 May 2019 05:54:10 GMT

Thanks a lot,I think I know what my Mental flaw is.