topic Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome in SAS Programming

Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

FlorianM — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 12:10:20 GMT

Good afternoon everyone,

Here is my problem: I data with a binary dependent variable (Yes/No) that is the response to a treatment and a categorical explanatory variable that is the dose level of a treatment (5 classes: [0-2gr], [2-4gr], [4-6gr], [6-8gr] and [8-10gr] ).

By performing a descriptive analysis I can see that when the dose increases, the percentage of positive response increases. There would therefore be a linear trend between the response to treatment and the dose of treatment.
The Cochran Armitage test confirms this relationship with a significant p (<.0001).
However, I would like to obtain the slope of this linear trend so as to say: With each increase in the dose level, the percentage of positive response increases by X%.

I thought I could get this by using a proc logistic and declaring the dose level as a continuous variable but the given OR tells me : With each dose increase, the probability of a positive response increases by X%, which is not what I am looking for.

I may not be very clear and apologize for this, but do you have any idea to solve my problem?

Thank you for your help.

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

PaigeMiller — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 13:07:34 GMT

I would like to obtain the slope of this linear trend so as to say: With each increase in the dose level, the percentage of positive response increases by X%.

With each dose increase, the probability of a positive response increases by X%, which is not what I am looking for.

I find these two statements very confusing and contradictory. Please explain further. Provide an example.

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

FlorianM — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 13:33:35 GMT

Thank you for your interest.

So as an example:

Response (% of Yes) Dose level

5 [0-2gr]

10 [2-4gr]

15 [4-6gr]

20 [6-8gr]

25 [8-10gr]

Here, i would like to say : For each increase in the dose level, the percentage of positive response increases by 5%. So the slope of the linear trend would be 5. It is what i want to estimate but i don't know how.

I have done the same analysis but with a quantitative dependant variable (dosage of a protein in the blood) and it was more simple.

The programm was:

proc glm data=analyse; 
model dosage_protein_blood=dose_level;
run;quit;

The estimate was 0.36 and meant: For each increase in the dose level, the dosage of the protein in the blood increases by 0.36 point. 0.36 is the slope.

Florian

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

PaigeMiller — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 13:42:28 GMT

@FlorianM wrote:

Thank you for your interest.

So as an example:

Response (% of Yes) Dose level

5 [0-2gr]

10 [2-4gr]

15 [4-6gr]

20 [6-8gr]

25 [8-10gr]

Here, i would like to say : For each increase in the dose level, the percentage of positive response increases by 5%. So the slope of the linear trend would be 5. It is what i want to estimate but i don't know how.

Simple linear regression, where the x-variable dose level is now an integer (0-2gr represented by the integer 1, etc.) and response is Y.

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

FlorianM — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 13:54:39 GMT

Thank you for your response.

Originally it is was i wanted to do but i wonder if i can do a linear regression with a binary dependant variable. Is there any problem with that?

I get a coefficient of 0.0212 : does it mean that for each increase in the dose level, the percentage of positive response increases by 2.12%.

Florian

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

PaigeMiller — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 14:07:06 GMT

It is not a binary dependent variable. The values of 5% and 10% and so on are numeric, not binary.

I get a coefficient of 0.0212

So this does not pertain to the example you showed earlier?

For the data you have shown, I can't explain this. Show your work. Show the data. Show the code. Show the output.

For other data, the 0.0212 means that Y increases 0.0212 for every 1 unit change in X.

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

FlorianM — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 14:41:38 GMT

Indeed, it does not correspond to the data from earlier because I am not authorized to distribute them. So I created an fictive example but the problem was the same.

In the fictive example, date would be in this form :

ID Response (Yes/No) Dosage_protein_blood Dose_level

1 Yes 0.23mg/l [8-10gr]

2 Yes 0.05mg/l [4-6gr]

3 No 0.40mg/l [0-2gr]

4 No 1.46mg/l [2-4gr]

5 No 1.18mg/l [6-8gr]

6 Yes 0.17mg/l [8-10gr]

7 No 0.98mg/l [4-6gr]

8 Yes 0.08mg/l [6-8gr]

....(there is thousand of ID)

I would compute this to obtain de slope of the linear relation between dosage_protein_blood and dose_level.

proc glm data=analyse; 
model dosage_protein_blood=dose_level;
run;quit;

And I would like to obtain the slope of the linear relation between the response and dose_level.

I hope it is more clear.

Florian

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

PaigeMiller — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 14:55:12 GMT

But this is substantively different than your earlier example, where the response was a percent between 0 and 20. Now your response is binary. In this case you would want to do a logistic regression, although logistic regression would not compute a linear slope in probability of response being Yes. It computes a linear regression with the response log-odds ratio. This can be converted to a (non-linear) effect on the probability of being Yes. Use PROC LOGISTIC.

You have earlier described a summarization of the data where the binary Y values are now percents (which are not binary) in each category of X (0-2gr, 2-4gr, etc.) In this summarized data set, you can obtain a linear model of Y using PROC GLM or PROC REG.

So, it's your choice, which one fits your problem best.

Re: Slope of linear trend for a binary outcome

FlorianM — Wed, 06 Feb 2019 15:03:44 GMT

Thank you, i will use PROC GLM.