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    <title>topic T-stats of max, when Hessian is not invertable? in Mathematical Optimization, Discrete-Event Simulation, and OR</title>
    <link>https://communities.sas.com/t5/Mathematical-Optimization/T-stats-of-max-when-Hessian-is-not-invertable/m-p/27194#M318</link>
    <description>I have the following function I would like to find the Maximum Likelihood Estimates for alpha1, alpha2, sigma_r, and sigma_n:&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
    SS = sqrt(sigma_r^2+sigma_n^2);&lt;BR /&gt;
    PP = sigma_r*sigma_n;&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
     A = {cdf(('NORMAL',(-alpha2+Ret*sigma_r^2/SS^2)*SS/PP,0,1) + cdf('NORMAL',(-alpha1-Ret*sigma_r^2/SS^2)*SS/PP,0,1)}*pdf('NORMAL',Ret/SS,0,1)/SS;&lt;BR /&gt;
     B = {cdf('NORMAL',alpha2/sigma_r,0,1)-cdf('NORMAL',-alpha1/sigma_r,0,1)}*pdf('NORMAL',Ret/sigma_n,0,1)/sigma_n;&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Min -log(A+B);&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
However the Hessian is singlular.  I don't know how to get t-stats.  Can anyone tell me, step-by-step (preferably with SAS code), how to find the MLEs and corresponding t-stats or p-values for this problem... using SAS?&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
"Ret" is the time-series of the return on a stock or a group of stocks.&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Thanks so much,&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Steve</description>
    <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 17:58:57 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:creator>deleted_user</dc:creator>
    <dc:date>2008-06-23T17:58:57Z</dc:date>
    <item>
      <title>T-stats of max, when Hessian is not invertable?</title>
      <link>https://communities.sas.com/t5/Mathematical-Optimization/T-stats-of-max-when-Hessian-is-not-invertable/m-p/27194#M318</link>
      <description>I have the following function I would like to find the Maximum Likelihood Estimates for alpha1, alpha2, sigma_r, and sigma_n:&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
    SS = sqrt(sigma_r^2+sigma_n^2);&lt;BR /&gt;
    PP = sigma_r*sigma_n;&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
     A = {cdf(('NORMAL',(-alpha2+Ret*sigma_r^2/SS^2)*SS/PP,0,1) + cdf('NORMAL',(-alpha1-Ret*sigma_r^2/SS^2)*SS/PP,0,1)}*pdf('NORMAL',Ret/SS,0,1)/SS;&lt;BR /&gt;
     B = {cdf('NORMAL',alpha2/sigma_r,0,1)-cdf('NORMAL',-alpha1/sigma_r,0,1)}*pdf('NORMAL',Ret/sigma_n,0,1)/sigma_n;&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Min -log(A+B);&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
However the Hessian is singlular.  I don't know how to get t-stats.  Can anyone tell me, step-by-step (preferably with SAS code), how to find the MLEs and corresponding t-stats or p-values for this problem... using SAS?&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
"Ret" is the time-series of the return on a stock or a group of stocks.&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Thanks so much,&lt;BR /&gt;
&lt;BR /&gt;
Steve</description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Jun 2008 17:58:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://communities.sas.com/t5/Mathematical-Optimization/T-stats-of-max-when-Hessian-is-not-invertable/m-p/27194#M318</guid>
      <dc:creator>deleted_user</dc:creator>
      <dc:date>2008-06-23T17:58:57Z</dc:date>
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