topic Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables in New SAS User

Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables

dapenDaniel — Sun, 24 Nov 2019 06:16:46 GMT

Hello SAS experts!

I have a dataset as below which records the year that a firm is founded and the year that a firm end.

FirmID Begin End

24356W 1994 1999

25537H 1990 1996

I would like to create a panel data and also year dummies as below.

FirmID Year yd1990 yd1991 yd1992 yd1993 yd1994 yd1995 yd1996 yd1997 yd1998 yd1999

24356W 1994 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

24356W 1995 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

24356W 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

24356W 1997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

24356W 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

24356W 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

25537H 1990 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

25537H 1991 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

25537H 1992 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

25537H 1993 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

25537H 1994 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

25537H 1995 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

25537H 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

what code do I need to use? Thanks!

Re: Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables

ed_sas_member — Sun, 24 Nov 2019 11:14:59 GMT

Hi @dapenDaniel

You can try the code below:

data have;
	input FirmID $ Begin End;
	cards;
24356W 1994 1999
25537H 1990 1996
;
run;

proc sql noprint;
	select min(Begin), max(End) into:min_date,:max_date trimmed from have;
quit;

data have2;
	set have;
		do Year = Begin to End;
		output;
	end;
run;

data want;
	set have2;
	array yd(&min_date:&max_date) %sysfunc(compress(yd&min_date)) - %sysfunc(compress(yd&max_date));
	do i=&min_date to &max_date;
		if i=year then yd(i)=1;
		else yd(i)=0;
	end;
	drop i Begin End;
run;

proc print data=want;
run;

Re: Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables

Ksharp — Sun, 24 Nov 2019 11:24:47 GMT

data have;
input FirmID  $        Begin              End;
cards;
24356W            1994              1999
25537H             1990              1996
;
data temp;
 set have;
 retain value 1;
 do year=begin to end;
   output;
 end;
 keep FirmID year value;
run;
proc transpose data=temp out=want prefix=yr_;
by FirmID year;
var value;
id year;
run;
proc sql noprint;
select min(Begin) ,max(End) into : min,: max from have;
quit;
data want;
 retain FirmID year yr_%left(&min) - yr_%left(&max);
 set want;
 drop _name_;
run;
proc stdize data=want out=want2 reponly missing=0;
var yr_:;
run;

Re: Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables

PaigeMiller — Sun, 24 Nov 2019 13:40:02 GMT

For most purposes in SAS, you don't need your own dummy variables. Many analysis procedures in SAS create their own dummy variables internally, so you don't have to create them yourself.

Even if you absolutely have to create dummy variable for some reason, there are methods in PROC GLMMOD and PROC TRANSREG (and others) that exist so you don't have to write data step code to create dummy variables. Here is a long thread discussing how to create dummy variables: https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Procedures/How-can-i-create-dummy-variables-How-can-i-change-my-code/m-p/404308#M66929

Re: Create unbalanced panel and year dummy variables

mkeintz — Mon, 25 Nov 2019 04:47:50 GMT

I agree with @PaigeMiller that you probably don't have to make the dummy variables for many SAS analysis procedures.

But in case you have to here:

data have;
	input FirmID $ Begin End;
	cards;
24356W 1994 1999
25537H 1990 1996
run;

data want (drop=y);
  set have;
  array dum {1990:1999} yd1990-yd1999 ;

  do y=lbound(dum) to hbound(dum);   ** Initialize the array**;
    dum{y}=0;
  end;

  do y=begin to end;  ** Write out 1 per year **;
    dum{y}=1;
    output;
    dum{y}=0;
  end;
run;

There are 2 features of the ARRAY statement particularly useful here:

You can specify the upper and lower bound of the array index, Here they are 1990 and 1999. That way, for Y=1990, DUM{Y}=1 assigns a 1 to the first element in the DUM array.
You can name whatever variables you want for the elements of the array. The names would default to DUM1, DUM2,. … DUM10, but I replaced those default names with YD1990, YD1991, … YD1999.