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    <title>topic Inverse mills ratio or heckman question in SAS Forecasting and Econometrics</title>
    <link>https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Forecasting-and-Econometrics/Inverse-mills-ratio-or-heckman-question/m-p/212655#M1344</link>
    <description>&lt;HTML&gt;&lt;HEAD&gt;&lt;/HEAD&gt;&lt;BODY&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;I am trying to determine if there is possibility unmeasured bias in my model.&amp;nbsp; I have a continuous dep variable and binary ind variable which is TREATED (0/1).&amp;nbsp; I want to determine if I have unmeasured bias.&amp;nbsp; I don't have proc qlim so I need to create an inverse Mills ratio and run it through a GLM. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;I first create a PROBIT model and output the estimated probabilities (prob) of being treated.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Next, I calculate the Inverse Mills Ratio:&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;IMR =&amp;nbsp; pdf('NORMAL', prob ) / cdf('NORMAL', prob ); /*inverse mills ratio*/&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Then run my GLM:&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;proc glm data = weighted_PS;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; class RHS;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; model LHS&amp;nbsp; = RHS IMR/ ss3 solution;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; weight weights;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;run;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/BODY&gt;&lt;/HTML&gt;</description>
    <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2015 13:23:10 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:creator>SJONES_SASUSER</dc:creator>
    <dc:date>2015-03-30T13:23:10Z</dc:date>
    <item>
      <title>Inverse mills ratio or heckman question</title>
      <link>https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Forecasting-and-Econometrics/Inverse-mills-ratio-or-heckman-question/m-p/212655#M1344</link>
      <description>&lt;HTML&gt;&lt;HEAD&gt;&lt;/HEAD&gt;&lt;BODY&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;I am trying to determine if there is possibility unmeasured bias in my model.&amp;nbsp; I have a continuous dep variable and binary ind variable which is TREATED (0/1).&amp;nbsp; I want to determine if I have unmeasured bias.&amp;nbsp; I don't have proc qlim so I need to create an inverse Mills ratio and run it through a GLM. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;I first create a PROBIT model and output the estimated probabilities (prob) of being treated.&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Next, I calculate the Inverse Mills Ratio:&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;IMR =&amp;nbsp; pdf('NORMAL', prob ) / cdf('NORMAL', prob ); /*inverse mills ratio*/&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Then run my GLM:&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;proc glm data = weighted_PS;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; class RHS;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; model LHS&amp;nbsp; = RHS IMR/ ss3 solution;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; weight weights;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;run;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P style="font-style: inherit; font-size: 21px; font-family: inherit;"&gt;Is this correct?&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/BODY&gt;&lt;/HTML&gt;</description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2015 13:23:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Forecasting-and-Econometrics/Inverse-mills-ratio-or-heckman-question/m-p/212655#M1344</guid>
      <dc:creator>SJONES_SASUSER</dc:creator>
      <dc:date>2015-03-30T13:23:10Z</dc:date>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Re: Inverse mills ratio or heckman question</title>
      <link>https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Forecasting-and-Econometrics/Inverse-mills-ratio-or-heckman-question/m-p/212656#M1345</link>
      <description>&lt;HTML&gt;&lt;HEAD&gt;&lt;/HEAD&gt;&lt;BODY&gt;&lt;P&gt;You are correct that PROC QLIM is the most efficient, accurate and simplest way to accomplish Heckman's 2-step estimator. &lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;You will need to correct your standard errors in your second stage.&amp;nbsp; See the QLIM documentation. &lt;A href="http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/etsug/67525/HTML/default/viewer.htm#etsug_qlim_details17.htm" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 1.5em;" title="http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/etsug/67525/HTML/default/viewer.htm#etsug_qlim_details17.htm"&gt;SAS/ETS(R) 13.2 User's Guide&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;You might just want to use PROC REG with some HCCME= options to correct your standard errors. &lt;A href="http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_reg_sect013.htm#statug.reg.modelwhite" title="http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_reg_sect013.htm#statug.reg.modelwhite"&gt;SAS/STAT(R) 9.2 User's Guide, Second Edition&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P&gt;But you are close as is.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/P&gt;&lt;/BODY&gt;&lt;/HTML&gt;</description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2015 20:39:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://communities.sas.com/t5/SAS-Forecasting-and-Econometrics/Inverse-mills-ratio-or-heckman-question/m-p/212656#M1345</guid>
      <dc:creator>ets_kps</dc:creator>
      <dc:date>2015-03-30T20:39:11Z</dc:date>
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